El objetivo del presente escrito es generar la formulación y evaluación de proyecto para la creación de una empresa de asesorías financieras que surge por la necesidad del mercado y especialmente de empresarios en encontrar servicios de asesoría, inversión y consultoría financiera enfocada en el segmento de las empresas comerciales, de servicios y de producción, del segmento pequeño y mediano de las pyme. Nuestros mayores competidores son empresas enfocadas en el mismo mercado que buscan con su portafolio satisfacer las necesidades del segmento. CONASFIN SAS, se dedicará principalmente a ofrecer asesorías financieras con el fin de lograr que su cliente objetivo pueda acceder al sistema de financiación y a las propuestas de inversión de manera sencilla y exitosa. Teniendo en cuenta las tendencias económicas y el interés de crecimiento de cada sector, el ideal es poder prestar un servicio de calidad, poniendo a disposición de sus clientes un equipo profesional de expertos en temas financieros, capaces de resolver inquietudes, proyectar resultados y gestionar la relación de acceso a diferentes opciones de recursos.

En Alkosto se ha detectado una oportunidad de crecimiento en las ventas a través de una estrategia omnicanal en el segundo trimestre del 2018, uno de los componentes de esta estrategia es la venta de productos de mercado por medio de la página Web. Dado los antecedentes del E-Commerce a nivel mundial y ahora en nuestro país, entendemos que los consumidores cada vez valoran más su tiempo y quieren aprovecharlo al máximo; gracias a esta conclusión podemos determinar que los productos de la categoría de mercado no se quedan atrás dentro de las ventas online y por el contrario pueden llegar a ocupar un espacio muy importante en la fidelización de los usuarios con la marca

Companies today to achieve maximum compliance with the proposed goals should involve all areas in their corporate strategy, in this way they will be aligned towards the same objective. The Balanced Score Card (BSC) is a management system that encompasses no onf,, financial indicators, adicionally uses perspectives such as clients, internal processes. and training and growth that allows the integration of all processes. The present work is intended to design and implement the CMI in the distribution center of Falabella encompasses no only financial indicators, adicionally uses perspectives such as clients, internal processes, and training and growth that allows the integration of all processes. The present work is intended to design and implement the CMI in the distribution center of Falabella de Colombia SA, this proposal is the result of the diagnosis made to the logistics area, specifically the distribution center, based on the individualism detected in each area as problematic in the reach of common objectives. Diagnostic and outcome management indicators are proposed, in order to raise awareness in the functional units of the strengths and failures currently presented by the distribution center and in the end ensure that they are coordinated and documented where they are going, how as they go, and make the respective adjustments to achieve the proposed results.

The present project is developed to an applied case in the Free Trade Zone of Bogota; this aims to optimize the process of vehicles entry with goods from abroad through customs transit, from Buenaventura and Cartagena ports Conducting an analysis and diagnosis of this process wlll determine improvement actions that allow to present an approach to achieve the optimization in the registration and entry of vehicles with final destination to qualified users of the industrial park. In the Free Trade Zone of Bogota are made different operations associated with foreign trade, however the most important operations, (because of their high volume and thieir directly relationship to the services provided to their users), are: the record of entry in the Piciz Web system, unsealing of vehicles with merchandise of foreign origin, physical inspections (counts of customs transits, physical inspections of entry and exit of merchandise) and approval of forms of goods movements, as much from the entry as from the exit merchandise

Our society is increasingly demanding situation-aware smarter software (SASS) systems, whose goals change over time and depend on context situations. A system with such properties must sense their dynamic environment and respond to changes quickly, accurately, and reliably, that is, to be context-aware and self-adaptive. The problem addressed in this dissertation is the dynamic management of context information to improve the relevance of SASS systems' context-aware capabilities with respect to changes in their requirements and execution environment. Therefore, this dissertation focuses on the investigation of dynamic context management and self-adaptivity to: (i) improve context-awareness and exploit context information to enhance quality of user experience in SASS systems, and (ii) improve the dynamic capabilities of self-adaptivity in SASS systems. Context-awareness and self-adaptivity pose significant challenges for the engineering of SASS systems. Regarding context-awareness, the first challenge addressed is the impossibility of fully specifying environmental entities and the corresponding monitoring requirements at design-time. The second challenge arises from the continuous evolution of monitoring requirements due to changes in the system caused by self-adaptation. As a result, context monitoring strategies must be modeled and managed in such a way that they support the addition and deletion of context types and monitoring conditions at runtime. Concerning self-adaptivity, the third challenge is to control the dynamicity of adaptation goals, adaptation mechanisms, and monitoring infrastructures, and the way they affect each other in the adaptation process. This is to preserve the effectiveness of context monitoring requirements and thus self-adaptation. The fourth challenge, related also to self-adaptivity concerns the assessment of adaptation mechanisms at runtime to prevent undesirable system states as a result of self-adaptation.

Abstract: This study reports findings of antecedent variables of innovative behaviour in Colombia. It tested the positive relationship between support for innovation and innovative behaviour of Colombian employees, as well as the patterns of association between educational attainment and innovative behaviour and the link between organisational size and innovative behaviour on Colombia employees. The study had a quantitative research strategy with a cross-sectional research design, with a final sample of 182 Colombian employees. Results indicate that one dimension of support for innovation – support for creativity, is positively correlated with Colombian employees’ innovative behaviour. Whereas, the other dimension of this scale had no correlation with innovative behaviour. Thus, findings on the link between these two variables (support for innovation and innovative behaviour) have some similarities and differences to previous studies. This highlights the importance of the Colombian national culture on the antecedent variables of innovation. Likewise, the two secondary antecedent variables of innovative behaviour had no association with Colombian employees’ innovative behaviour. Finally, this paper includes the scopes and limitations of the study and future research directions are also considered. Resumen: Este estudio reporta los resultados de variables antecedentes del comportamiento innovador en Colombia. Se estudió la correlación positiva entre el apoyo a la innovación y el comportamiento innovador en empleados colombianos, así como la relación entre nivel educativo y comportamiento innovador y la relación entre tamaño de la empresa y comportamiento innovador en empleados colombianos. Este estudio cuantitativo tuvo un diseño transversal con una muestra final de 182 empleados colombianos. Los resultados indican que una sola dimensión de apoyo a la innovación (apoyo a la creatividad), está correlacionada positivamente con el comportamiento innovador de empleados colombianos, mientras que la otra dimensión de ésta escala no tuvo ninguna correlación con el comportamiento innovador. Los hallazgos de la relación de estas dos variables (apoyo a la innovación y comportamiento innovador) poseen algunas similitudes y diferencias a estudios previos. Lo anterior permite destacar la importancia de la cultura nacional colombiana en lo concerniente a variables antecedentes de la innovación. Del mismo modo, las otras dos variables antecedentes del comportamiento innovador no tuvieron ninguna correlación con el comportamiento innovador de los empleados colombianos. Finalmente este manuscrito incluye los alcances y limitaciones del estudio y también se abordan sugerencias para futuras investigaciones.

Abstract: Human settlements have facilitated population growth and the accumulation of possessions, enabling their survival as a species. However, these positive effects have also brought along the generation of waste throughout history (Zapata&Hall, 2013). Local production of waste in urban centres has become a global issue, as an increasing population of 7 billion inhabitants (Worldometers, 2015) are daily discarding tonnes of objects and goods. By 2013, it was estimated that the generation of solid waste in the world had increased 10 times over the past century reaching 3.5 million tonnes per day (Jacquot, 2013). Two years later, this number is even higher. According with WasteAtlas (2015) we generate around 4.38 daily million tonnes of waste that usually end in dumpsites or landfills contrary to what happened in the nineteenth century, when practices of recycling and reusing were culturally and socially accepted. The culture of consumerism has come with a change on the perceptions of waste on the last decades by which we have adopted habits of throwing away, tied to constructed ideas about hygiene and the disposal of objects as a sign of prosperity and ease (Strasser, 2000). However, this new relation with waste has signified high social and environmental costs such as air and water pollution and emission of greenhouse gases (Hyman et al. 2013). Resumen: El concepto de basura responde a una clasificación definida por ideas construidas social y culturalmente. Así, prácticas como el reciclaje, anteriormente aceptadas, fueron, a través del tiempo, rechazadas por imaginarios sobre la higiene y por una sociedad de consumo. La cantidad de basura que se genera a diario en todas las ciudades del mundo, es sin duda uno de los mayores retos de nuestros tiempos. El manejo de residuos lleva consigo dinámicas ambientales y sociales que no pueden ser ignorados por la ciudadanía ni por el Estado. Esta investigación hace un análisis de algunas de las normas sobre el servicio público de aseo en Colombia y, en especial del caso de Bogotá desde el concepto de justicia ambiental, fundado en tres elementos: justa distribución de cargas y beneficios, reconocimiento y participación. Al encontrar que el modelo de aseo en Colombia ha estado basado principalmente en la generación de basuras y en la recolección y no en prácticas que contribuyan a la reducción, se presenta el caso de la Asociación de Recicladores de Bogotá y del manejo de residuos orgánicos para compostaje con el fin de conocer cómo la participación en estas dos alternativas puede contribuir a una ciudad ambientalmente más sostenible y sobretodo, más justa.

The oil and gas industry has long recognized the inadequacy of existing theories to predict the behavior and outcome of some hydraulic fracturing treatments. Data sets compiled over the last two decades are incompatible with the conventional picture of a single planar hydraulic fracture. These data sets include field studies, laboratory studies and theoretical models. Several field and laboratory observations show very complex fracture paths, multisegmented fractures, branching, asymmetry and the presence of multiple fractures. The purpose of this study is to investigate the pressure behavior of systems containing near wellbore and far field multiple vertical fractures. This objective is achieved by using two analytical models. These newly developed models are used to explore pressure behavior and to generate type curves using the pressure derivative concept. The first new analytical model considers a composite reservoir with the inner zone containing an arbitrary number of dendritic multiple hydraulic fractures and the outer zone showing natural fractures. Transient pressure, derivative and flow regimes of the fractured system are investigated using this model. This study also uses a numerical model to calibrate and validate the analytical model. Pressure transient behavior of multiple fractures is modeled using a full field model (FFM) with a detailed Cartesian local grid refinement (LGR) around the fractures. The model was calibrated and validated using the case of two wing fractures at 180o. Simulations of the two types of multiple fractures, dendritic and parallel, validate some results of the analytical solutions. The TDS technique is also used to analyze the linear and pseudo-radial flow regimes in order to find fracture length, angle between fractures, fracture conductivity and several conventional reservoir parameters, e.g. permeability, wellbore storage and skin.  Multiple fractures create more surface area in direct communication with the wellbore. As a consequence, a greater volume of fluid can be produced from the wellbore per unit time. While fracture treatments continue to be designed using the best tools and techniques available, geometry estimates from fracture models have been difficult to verify. Pressure transient analysis is one of the fracture diagnostic techniques available to fill this knowledge gap, improving our understanding of hydraulic fracture behavior. It is an excellent calibration tool because it lets us evaluate the effective length of the fracture, and determine the appropriate length to use in history matching. Also, regardless of the application, identifying and understanding fracture complexities can lead to improved treatment designs, better completion strategies, and the potential for significant economic rewards through improved well performance and/or reduced completion cost.

The dissertation develops an analysis of how speed (as a quotient of space and time) has been described as a positive attribute and an adequate solution to industrial development, cities' efficiency and, in general, citizens' well being, while time?space compression as an underlying process has been widely studied but rarely acknowledged in policy. It analyses the evolution of the discourse on speed from before Bogotá’s BRT system “TransMilenio” (in 1996) and until recently (in 2006) and how it may have influenced such discourse. It questions the usefulness of speed and some transport interventions in Bogotá, and how other more structural measures may be taken to solve a city’s ills. The dissertation provides a conceptual framework on time, cities and time?space compression and speed, followed by a description of Bogotá and TransMilenio and results of the study. It ends with a discussion on the role of speed in Bogotá, the evolution of transport planning, and time?space compression and how it relates to the case in question. 

The ambient noise analysis field has several methods used to study Microzonation with the aim to mitigate the risk of damage in structures. A new method to study seismic noise was developed by Wassermann et al., 2016. The novel technique uses the existent relation between the transverse component of acceleration and the vertical component of rotation generated by Love waves to retrieve their inherent dispersive character (Kurrle et al., 2010). The advantage of this implementation is that it only needs two instruments to measure acceleration and rotation in the same location, making it easy to deploy as the H/V spectral ratio. Moreover, the information retrieved is easier to interpret than the aforementioned technique. In addition, the same aspects of the wavefield retrieved from array echniques such as F-K and SPAC could be recovered. This thesis aims to complement this method by studying Rayleigh waves and using the implicit relation between the vertical acceleration and the horizontal rotation or tilt generated by them. We use a statistical process to build dispersion curves for this kind of wave, finding its phase velocities in the medium and its arrival direction. Our findings indicated that the new implementation overestimates the phase velocities, which may be due to the fact that a weak-rotational motion sensor was not available, and the array-derived rotation method was used. Hence, this led to high uncertainties in the measure of rotation and also to lower magnitudes of its horizontal components with respect to the vertical one. The method seems reliable to find the back azimuth of noise generated by Rayleigh waves and complements well the findings of the Love-wave technique previously mentioned.