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Imagen de apoyo de  Niche appliaction development for space based solar power = Desarrollo de aplicaciones de nicho para energía solar desde el espacio

Niche appliaction development for space based solar power = Desarrollo de aplicaciones de nicho para energía solar desde el espacio

Por: Raúl Eduardo Gutiérrez Gómez | Fecha: 01/01/2009

The results of this report indicate how niche product developments for Space Based Solar Power (SBSP) can be easily achieved using present day technology, which markets need to be addressed, which niche configurations to pursue, and which organizations have the needed competencies to proceed. Classical SBSP concepts generally call for large rigid systems to be placed in orbit to collect and transmit several GW of energy down to Earth’s commercial electricity grid, and are still faced with many problems including system complexity, development, and costs. Smaller more specific niche applications of these concepts focus on different markets with lower complexity and barriers to entry while developing technologies and infrastructure needed for the classical SBSP.Technical research was performed in order to identify potential system configurations as well as crucial competencies and technologies needed by the SBSP effort. A pair of unique technical configurations was proposed in an attempt to mitigate standard SBSP challenges such as construction, rigidity, and launch costs. A strategic evaluation tool was created to evaluate all potential system configurations in terms of risk and complexity; ideal configurations were chosen based on anticipated markets and the results from the strategic analysis.Market research was performed in order to understand and valuate the utility of different niche configurations; these included the scientific, remote, green, space to space, and military markets. Very high value segments were observed in each of these market areas with a range of $0.37 to $1.88 USD per kwh for Terrestrial applications, and a range of $380.00 to $1200.00 per kwh for space applications. Exploration of the European Carbon Trading Exchange as a source of revenue is explored due to CO2 offsets. A unique satellite product is proposed and valuated which receives energy directly from an external on orbit source. The value of restoring functionality to damaged satellites is estimated in the millions of dollars.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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  • Ingeniería

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Niche appliaction development for space based solar power = Desarrollo de aplicaciones de nicho para energía solar desde el espacio

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Imagen de apoyo de  Performance Evaluation Of The Clinimacs System For The Positive Selection Of CD34+ Cells From Stem Cell Products Factors Affecting CD34+ Cell Recovery

Performance Evaluation Of The Clinimacs System For The Positive Selection Of CD34+ Cells From Stem Cell Products Factors Affecting CD34+ Cell Recovery

Por: Guillermo Andrés Orjuela Falla | Fecha: 01/01/2009

CD34+ cell dose in the transplanted product is still considered a measure of the engraftment potential in haemopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). CD34+ selected products are characterised by their high purity and depleted T-cells. These characteristics have made them traditionally suitable to decrease the incidence of graft versus host disease, particularly in haploidentical HSCT.The CliniMACS is a state of the art cell sorting system based on magnetic particles conjugated to CD34 antibodies. This study retrospectively evaluated the CliniMACS system performance in terms of CD34+ purity and cell recovery, and T-cell depletion in the selected product. The results were compared against target values fixed by the processing centre, as well as against published data. Factors affecting the CD34+ cell recovery were also investigated and a pilot study was carried out to assess the effect of cryopreservation on the viability of the selected products. In total, 151 procedures were analysed.The mean recovery and purity were 64.82 + 16.19 and 88.0 + 11.0% respectively. The mean T-cell depletion was 4.7021 + 0.5129 logs. Only purity was slightly below the specification (90%), with the lowest values obtained from peripheral blood (PB) collections. Factors affecting the recoveries were the overall age of the product (p=0.001), overnight storage (p=0.002), and the use of a particular tubing set with the instrument (p=0.002).The mean CD34+ viability was not significantly different to the value before cryopreservation (p=0.068). Results from this study were comparable with published data of the CliniMACS system performance. Local investigations regarding the purity of PB products should be performed. For the first time, using a magnetic separation method, factors affecting CD34+ recovery were identified. The significance of the effect of product age and overnight storage on cell recovery, provide a rationale for further prospective studies
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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  • Medicina

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Performance Evaluation Of The Clinimacs System For The Positive Selection Of CD34+ Cells From Stem Cell Products Factors Affecting CD34+ Cell Recovery

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Imagen de apoyo de  The Failure of U.S. policies in Latin America: From The War on Drugs to The War on Terror = El fracaso de las políticas de los Estados Unidos en América Latina:de la guerra contra las drogas a la guerra contra el terrorismo

The Failure of U.S. policies in Latin America: From The War on Drugs to The War on Terror = El fracaso de las políticas de los Estados Unidos en América Latina:de la guerra contra las drogas a la guerra contra el terrorismo

Por: Luz Andrea Granados Castillo | Fecha: 01/01/2009

Since the 70s when cocaine consumption first took off in the US, this country has been fighting in Latin America the supply-side ‘war on drugs’ which was placed mainly in Colombia since the 90s, the only country in the region that has an additional component to the drugs problem, guerrillas and paramilitaries, both who use the drug trade to fuel a protracted conflict.The US fashioned under Clinton’s administration the controversial anti-drug strategy known as 'Plan Colombia' a policy that made Colombia the 3rd largest recipient of military aid in the world after Israel and Egypt until the Afghanistan and Iraq era; however after 9/11 the strategy took a different course from a war against drugs to a war against terrorism, significantly increasing the military counter-insurgency component of Plan Colombia, deepening the US dependence in the country and isolating it from the rest of Latin America.The results after 40 decades of US investment and intervention are questionable since the policies have proven to be a failure as they have not reached the expected results and have worsened the problems they tried to tackle. In a nutshell, the US anti-narcotics policy in Latin America has been a failure since after 40 decades and billions of dollars invested, it has not helped to curb production, trafficking and demand; but it has undermined the democracy and triggered conflict in countries where drugs are produced; the case of Colombia exemplifies this ‘war system’ where the ‘war on drugs’ shifted to ‘war on terrorism’ under the framework of the US strategy.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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The Failure of U.S. policies in Latin America: From The War on Drugs to The War on Terror = El fracaso de las políticas de los Estados Unidos en América Latina:de la guerra contra las drogas a la guerra contra el terrorismo

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Imagen de apoyo de  El origen de la novela en Antioquia

El origen de la novela en Antioquia

Por: María Isabel Abad Londoño | Fecha: 01/01/2009

El conflicto y la tradición letrada republicana que en Antioquia no concurrieron sino hasta finales del siglo XIX, permitieron que se diera un debate letrado en el marco del cual la novela sirvió como un arma simbólica propia de esta contradicción. El anverso de este argumento nos dice entonces que ni la sociedad letrada autoreferencial, ni los conflictos son condiciones que tienen per se la capacidad de dar origen a la novela. Como el primer conflicto que se dio dentro de la ciudad letrada republicana fue el de la construcción de la nación no sólo en Antioquia sino en toda Latinoamérica, la novela y nación quedaron asociados en sus orígenes en una relación simbiótica: la nación suponía el conflicto que la novelas reflejaban y las novelas le daban una dimensión a la nación cuando enunciaban las partes que entraban en contradicción.Pero en la Antioquia finisecular, existía además del conflicto propiamente nacional desatado tras el proyecto de la Regeneración que buscaba restarle poder a la región, un conflicto local en el cual los valores y sujetos sociales por cien años vigentes se ponían en cuestión. Y en esta doble contestación la novela inicial definió su carácter: regionalista hacia el exterior y contra hegemónica hacia el interior. Pero el acceso a este debate letrado, en el que Carrasquilla participó por medio de sus novelas y especialmente por medio de Frutos de mi tierra, exigía el seguimiento de unas reglas que iban más allá del hecho de saber leer y escribir.Además del simple alfabetismo exigía demostrar una alineación con el sistema de pensamiento europeo y con las reglas formales del buen decir que los criollos sistematizaron en manuales y códigos, o exigía, al menos, tal como lo hizo nuestro autor, el conocimiento y la capacidad para controvertirlos y poder dialogar con ellos. De todas maneras, y pese a que fue una minoría de antioqueños los que como Carrasquilla pudieron participar en este debate letrado, fueron ellos los que al canalizar sus conflictos en el debate letrado y no en la guerra permitieron hablar de una modernidad potenciada en el marco de la cual tuvo su origen la novela regional.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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El origen de la novela en Antioquia

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Imagen de apoyo de  Attitudes towards body size and physical appearance among Colombian and American college students:A Multi-cultural Study = Actitudes hacia el tamaño del cuerpo y apariencia fisica en estudiantes universitarios Colombianos y Americanos: Un Estudio Multi-C

Attitudes towards body size and physical appearance among Colombian and American college students:A Multi-cultural Study = Actitudes hacia el tamaño del cuerpo y apariencia fisica en estudiantes universitarios Colombianos y Americanos: Un Estudio Multi-C

Por: Natalia Rojas Segura | Fecha: 01/01/2009

The current study analyzed attitudes towards size and physical appearance among four hundred and seventy Colombian and two hundred and ten American college students. The effects of gender and culture (and their interaction) on thin ideal internalization, sociocultural pressure to be thin, and body image dissatisfaction were examined in the sample. Results from the study showed that there are differences between gender and country: Colombian students perceived themselves as having a better body image overall compared to American students; females from both countries had a lower body image satisfaction compared to males. Surprisingly, males from both countries worry about their physical size and appearance. Implications for future research include validating instruments especially for a Colombian population, as well as continuing to include males in studies related to body image and eating disorders because it was found that they were also unsatisfied with their overall body image. 
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Attitudes towards body size and physical appearance among Colombian and American college students:A Multi-cultural Study = Actitudes hacia el tamaño del cuerpo y apariencia fisica en estudiantes universitarios Colombianos y Americanos: Un Estudio Multi-C

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Imagen de apoyo de  Educación y Cuidado de la Primera Infancia: un Análisis Económico = Early Childhood Education and Care: an Economic Analysis

Educación y Cuidado de la Primera Infancia: un Análisis Económico = Early Childhood Education and Care: an Economic Analysis

Por: Rocío Vera Llanos | Fecha: 01/01/2009

This thesis considers the most current knowledge of the importance of investing in early childhood education and care (ECEC) programs with a focus on the economic benefits: higher rate of returns to education, higher productivity, lower crime rates, higher government savings and breaking up intergenerational poverty. Although the evidence suggests significant short-term effects in terms of educational benefits (e.g. lower repetition rates and special education), the empirical evidence for the economic benefits is still not as significant as it is desirable for their generalization. Therefore, it shows the need for more reliable information to construct a stronger argument leading governments to decide ipso facto increasing the educational expenditures in early childhood education programs.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Educación y Cuidado de la Primera Infancia: un Análisis Económico = Early Childhood Education and Care: an Economic Analysis

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Imagen de apoyo de  Option-implied volatility and credit announcements: an event study approach = La volatilidad implícita en opciones y anuncios de crédito: estimacion via estudio de eventos

Option-implied volatility and credit announcements: an event study approach = La volatilidad implícita en opciones y anuncios de crédito: estimacion via estudio de eventos

Por: Nicolás Salamanca Acosta | Fecha: 01/01/2009

The aim of this paper was to measure the effect of different credit-related events on the option implied volatility of several companies that belong to the Dow Jones Euro Stoxx 50 index list. Measuring the effect of credit events on volatility will augment on the already important body of literature that investigates the volatility-related phenomena; in particular those who research the effect of news on volatility.I find that, over the entire window around the credit events, there was a decrease in the implied volatility but that only the negative events have a statistically significant effect, which reflects the stronger information content of negative credit events researched by previous papers. I also found that this negative effect is mainly due to a strong “reversal” effect in the post-event 10-day period, where the negative effect is stronger and more statistically significant (particularly for the negative events).Furthermore, during the pre-event period there is not much evidence that supports any type of foresight of the market. My results also suggest that there is a difference between the behavior of the implied volatility when the events are outlook changes and credit reviews, and when the event is a rating change (downgrade/upgrade).
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Option-implied volatility and credit announcements: an event study approach = La volatilidad implícita en opciones y anuncios de crédito: estimacion via estudio de eventos

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Imagen de apoyo de  Policy Recommendations To Foster The Development Of The Vegetables Supply Chain In An Agrarian District = Recomendaciones de Políticas para Impulsar el Desarrollo de un Clúster Agrícola en un Distrito Agrario en Antioquia

Policy Recommendations To Foster The Development Of The Vegetables Supply Chain In An Agrarian District = Recomendaciones de Políticas para Impulsar el Desarrollo de un Clúster Agrícola en un Distrito Agrario en Antioquia

Por: Yúber Andrés Romero Aristizábal | Fecha: 01/01/2009

Oriente Antioqueño is an important region within Antioquia. There, the production of vegetables represents an important element of the economy, with approximately 12,000 farmers cultivating vegetables in four municipalities. There, farmers have inadequate training in agricultural practices, they lack adequate instruction on how to use fertilizers and pesticides, and also they do not have the appropriate instruments, among many other technological pitfalls. This situation leads to high levels of crops losses, higher costs of production, and sometimes, noncompliance with phytosanitary standards and environmental damage.In order to solve the problem this thesis analysis the outcome from central policies and covers the analysis of two international cases (in Brazil and Nicaragua) looking for new strategies to foster competitiveness in the production of vegetables.I identified four policy options: (1) maintaining the status quo, (2) increasing municipal revenues and restructuring UMATAs, (3) upgrading Law 811, and (4) implementing a cluster development program. The first alternative assesses the implications of letting the market operate under current conditions.Policy alternatives 2 and 3 evaluate the benefits from restructuring agricultural extension offices and the agreements of competitiveness. Finally, implementing a cluster development program explores the gains from creating a local strategy to generate an enabling environment in the production of vegetables. After evaluating the policy options using the criteria of political feasibility, administrative feasibility, effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, I recommend implementing a cluster development program. This option is likely to generate higher benefits as it counteracts problems in the supply and the demand side of the vegetables supply chain. Moreover, as a program implemented at the local level by local institutions, it promises better results.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Policy Recommendations To Foster The Development Of The Vegetables Supply Chain In An Agrarian District = Recomendaciones de Políticas para Impulsar el Desarrollo de un Clúster Agrícola en un Distrito Agrario en Antioquia

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Imagen de apoyo de  Predicting future residential water consumption in Phoenix, Arizona given climate changes

Predicting future residential water consumption in Phoenix, Arizona given climate changes

Por: Hermes Camilo Cubaque Barrera | Fecha: 01/01/2009

Previous studies have shown that residential water consumption in Phoenix, Arizona is significantly related to changes in climate, although that sensitivity varies substantially from one census tract to another. In this investigation, we determine the empirical relationship between water consumption and variations in temperature and precipitation. We find the sensitivity of consumption to either climate variable is positively related to the percent of land covered in mesic irrigated landscaping, mean household income, lot size, and percent of single-family residential lots containing swimming pools. We use estimated changes in temperature and precipitation for 50 model – scenario combinations presented by the IPCC, and we determined that mean water consumption should increase by an average of over three percent by 2050, but the climate-induced change in consumption varies considerably across the census tracts. 
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Predicting future residential water consumption in Phoenix, Arizona given climate changes

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Imagen de apoyo de  From dreamt to relegated: Speed in Bogotá and TransMilenio, 1996-2006 = De soñada a relegada: la velocidad en Bogotá y TransMilenio, 1996-2006

From dreamt to relegated: Speed in Bogotá and TransMilenio, 1996-2006 = De soñada a relegada: la velocidad en Bogotá y TransMilenio, 1996-2006

Por: Carlos Felipe Pardo | Fecha: 01/01/2009

The dissertation develops an analysis of how speed (as a quotient of space and time) has been described as a positive attribute and an adequate solution to industrial development, cities' efficiency and, in general, citizens' well being, while time?space compression as an underlying process has been widely studied but rarely acknowledged in policy. It analyses the evolution of the discourse on speed from before Bogotá’s BRT system “TransMilenio” (in 1996) and until recently (in 2006) and how it may have influenced such discourse.It questions the usefulness of speed and some transport interventions in Bogotá, and how other more structural measures may be taken to solve a city’s ills. The dissertation provides a conceptual framework on time, cities and time?space compression and speed, followed by a description of Bogotá and TransMilenio and results of the study. It ends with a discussion on the role of speed in Bogotá, the evolution of transport planning, and time?space compression and how it relates to the case in question. 
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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From dreamt to relegated: Speed in Bogotá and TransMilenio, 1996-2006 = De soñada a relegada: la velocidad en Bogotá y TransMilenio, 1996-2006

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