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Imagen de apoyo de Physical activity promotion at the local level: municipal sport authorities participation in Colombia = Promoción de la actividad física en el nivel local: participación de las autoridades deportivas municipales en Colombia

Physical activity promotion at the local level: municipal sport authorities participation in Colombia = Promoción de la actividad física en el nivel local: participación de las autoridades deportivas municipales en Colombia

Por: Daniela Rozo Salazar | Fecha: 01/01/2014

Physical activity promotion (PAP) has reached policy agendas worldwide due to the social and economic burden that non-communicable diseases have generated. Colombia is one of the countries that have taken the challenge of promoting healthy lifestyles in order to reduce this burden and in addition, take advantage of other benefits that promoting this healthy lifestyle brings. Although some research has been done on the field, no studies related to the local government contribution were found. The local government plays a crucial role in PAP, considering that it has a great influence on the physical and social environment of a city and consequently in the individual behavior of its citizens.Additionally, it has a great responsibility concerning public health, social and economic development and environmental sustainability, aspects that are related to PAP. The present research, aims to provide a general overview on the current state of PAP in the Municipal Sport Authorities (MSAs) of one department of Colombia. In this sense, it is important to highlight that the sport sector has had a major role in PAP in the country and the department. Hence, structured interviews were conducted among heads of the MSAs of the 14 municipalities of the department and development plans were analyzed.Using this data, two main aspects were studied in order to achieve the research aim: the current PAP interventions and the conditions to promote physical activity (PA) in the department. Results indicate that the current PAP interventions have both strengths and weaknesses. Among the most important aspects, it was noticed that PAP in Risaralda has neglected important environmental determinants for PA behavior. PAP has been oriented from an “anthropic” perspective (targeting the individual). However, this seems to have had a positive effect on PA levels in the department. Concerning the conditions to promote PA, there are important findings related to the knowledge and skills of policy-makers and the management process used to develop the interventions. Some of the weaknesses found in the interventions might be related to the conditions to develop them. Recommendations to MSAs and for further research are given.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Physical activity promotion at the local level: municipal sport authorities participation in Colombia = Promoción de la actividad física en el nivel local: participación de las autoridades deportivas municipales en Colombia

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Imagen de apoyo de Systemic revitalization. Bogotá, exploring strategies for intensification and revitalization of the consolidated city

Systemic revitalization. Bogotá, exploring strategies for intensification and revitalization of the consolidated city

Por: Carlos Andrés Núñez Dávila | Fecha: 01/01/2012

Nowadays, across the world, politic and economic models have been challenged. As part of the global agenda; urban discussions need to reposition towards enriching social and economic debates. In Bogota, Processes of urbanization have been shaped within profound conditions of inequity, rural migration and violence; generating a city socially and spatially segregated. Nevertheless, since last two decades, Bogota has been engaged in a process of transition towards the construction of more equalitarian and sustainable city. In this context, how to set up the agenda for further development strategies in the city? The aim of this thesis is to bring some ideas and questions into the debate about the construction of future models of urban development for Bogota.From the discussions and research presented we can derive some key points to have in account in terms of policies, planning and spatial strategies, and socio-economic dimensions; which can help to frame proposals about how Bogota can explore alternative strategies of urban revitalization.  Starting from acknowledging the fact that the built city is the result of multiple spatial, social and economic conditions; the concept of “Systemic revitalization”, is framed in how to introduce new uses, users and spaces, able to synergize with the existing forces and thus be able to trigger the revitalization of urban areas. Contrary to masterplanning, this model of development encourages time-based processes and multiple initiatives, done progressively whether by typological transformation or by insertion of new typologies and uses within the existing fabric.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Systemic revitalization. Bogotá, exploring strategies for intensification and revitalization of the consolidated city

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Imagen de apoyo de How can mining contribute to sustainable development in Colombia? A review of stakeholders perspective and policy gaps =Cómo la minería puede contribuir al desarrollo sostenible en Colombia? Una revisión de la perspectiva de los actores...

How can mining contribute to sustainable development in Colombia? A review of stakeholders perspective and policy gaps =Cómo la minería puede contribuir al desarrollo sostenible en Colombia? Una revisión de la perspectiva de los actores...

Por: Edwin Antonio Malagón Orjuela | Fecha: 01/01/2012

With increased demand and high prices for minerals and metals in recent years, many resource rich developing countries see mining sector as vital to develop their economies. Colombia is one of these nations. Non-renewable natural resource wealth is seen as an opportunity to obtain economic benefits that can be transformed into increased wellbeing for citizens. However, mining often involves a high environmental impact and the risk of causing, or exacerbating social problems and conflicts in mining areas is significant. This study addresses the issue of ‘How then can mining contribute to sustainable development?’ in the Colombian context.This issue is critical – with 44% of the population in poverty, and the territory considered one of the most biodiverse in the world. Views obtained from interviews with representatives of stakeholder groups from government, industry and civil society and the content of national mining policy documents were compared with a selection of industry best practice guidelines in order to identify key issues for mining and sustainable development in the country. Best practice guidelines were principally drawn from the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Mineral, Metals and Sustainable Development policy framework and the Extractive Industries Value Chain approach. Eleven key issues were identified as important for informants: policy frameworks, institutional capacity, access to information, royalty and tax regimes, transparency, local socioeconomic development, stakeholder participation and responsibility, community trust and image, environmental performance, mine closure and illegal mining.The findings also suggest three principal gaps that need to be addressed with some priority. The focus of mining policies should be shifted from a principal focus on increased production towards sustainable development and poverty reduction objectives; better coordination between mining, environmental and national development policies and institutions towards sustainable development objectives is required; and improved technical and institutional capacity to provide an adequate assessment process and the information regarding whether the benefits from mining overcome its negative impacts ant national and local levels is needed.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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How can mining contribute to sustainable development in Colombia? A review of stakeholders perspective and policy gaps =Cómo la minería puede contribuir al desarrollo sostenible en Colombia? Una revisión de la perspectiva de los actores...

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Imagen de apoyo de Unfolding challenges of extractive activities in terms of Environmental Sustainability and Social Justice – a local perspective of mining in Colombia

Unfolding challenges of extractive activities in terms of Environmental Sustainability and Social Justice – a local perspective of mining in Colombia

Por: Alba Milena Ruiz Arias | Fecha: 01/01/2014

In this work, the particularities of natural resource wealth are the building blocks for the theoretical identification of some challenges faced by national governments in relation to extractive activities. Such challenges are later on unfolded from the perspective of overlapping claims on both environmental sustainability and social justice.The discussion here presented travels between different spatial, institutional and temporal scales, and particularly from the national to the regional (sub-national) levels. In order to observe how some of the challenges of extractive activities are manifested in practice, the case of La Colosa, an intended gold mining venture in the Colombian Andean region, is addressed.This work exposes some relevant tasks that the Colombian government has to undertake if the economic growth of the country is to be based on natural resources exploitation. In regards to long-term provision of environmental goods and services, the analysis done in this work allows the identification of tensions between the mining interests and the need to protect environmental functions related to the availability and quality of land and water resources.These tensions are aggravated by the existence of disjointed institutions and policies at the national level as well as between regional and national scales. So as to the achievement of social justice, this analysis reveals how the national interest on extractive activities for economic growth need to be not superimposed on, but harmonised with regional interests on natural resources for environmental functionality and local livelihoods, so as to avoid a systematic misrecognition of population’s needs and rights.Misaddressing this challenge conduces local entities to the necessary search of other avenues for claiming their recognition and participation. In this second stage, there is an additional need to ensure the security, effectiveness and legitimacy of participatory spaces that, if overshadowed by particular interests, may end up further reproducing the misrecognition patterns, exhausting the avenues for assertive claiming and even triggering conflict.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Unfolding challenges of extractive activities in terms of Environmental Sustainability and Social Justice – a local perspective of mining in Colombia

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Imagen de apoyo de Clear objectives, flexible means: Making the case for international asset recovery in the context of peace negotiations

Clear objectives, flexible means: Making the case for international asset recovery in the context of peace negotiations

Por: Andrés Ucros Maldonado | Fecha: 01/01/2015

International recovery of illegal assets has received considerable attention in the last 25 years. International conventions against corruption, organized crime and terrorism have recognized its central importance for international and national security, development policy and the Rule of Law. International institutions such as the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the World Bank (WB) have created special units and programs to deliver and implement policy recommendations on the issue. Moreover, private organizations such as Transparency International and the Basel Institute on Governance have also engaged in supporting efforts done by States and local NGOs around the world, especially in developing countries.However all these initiatives to design and implement a comprehensive and effective framework to identify, trace, freeze, confiscate and recover illegal assets from abroad have not fulfilled the expectations of victims, civil society, States and international community. Extensive literature claims that political, legal and operational problems impede an effective approach to international recovery of illegal assets in the context of the fight against organized crime. Yet, there are no studies that consider international asset recovery in the context of peace negotiations between the State and illegal armed groups, where cooperation, compromise and mutual concessions are essential features of such situation.I argue that a peace process is a special opportunity for international asset recovery because in this context parties can create the incentives to overcome the key obstacles of ordinary asset recovery. Still, this requires to rethink international asset recovery in terms of restorative justice. I argue that a peace process setting is an exceptional background to create complementary, temporal and exceptional mechanisms by which illegal armed groups can effectively map, identify and cooperate with State authorities in order to recover, repatriate and liquidate their illegal assets from abroad.By pursuing this, the State would not only comply with the international standards of asset recovery, but also could fulfil the obligations owed to victims of international crimes. I claim that we should examine this new dimension of international asset recovery because most illegal armed groups involved in peace negotiations are also involved in drug trafficking, money laundering and terrorism at a global scale. This dissertation aims to link the standard literature of international asset recovery with the field of restorative justice, peace-making and transitional justice to explore a new a research agenda that could have relevant policy implications. 
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Clear objectives, flexible means: Making the case for international asset recovery in the context of peace negotiations

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Imagen de apoyo de Les effets de la rénovation urbaine et patrimoniale dans des zones locales-globales de frontière: le cas de la Place de San Victorino (Bogotá, D.C., Colombie) dans une analyse comprarée

Les effets de la rénovation urbaine et patrimoniale dans des zones locales-globales de frontière: le cas de la Place de San Victorino (Bogotá, D.C., Colombie) dans une analyse comprarée

Por: Carlos Martín Carbonell Higuera | Fecha: 01/01/2012

La thèse ci-dessous donne lieu á une « ethnographie généalogique » au sujet des principaux aspects historiques qui confèrent au secteur de San Victorino, dans la ville de Bogota, D.C. (Colombie, Amérique du Sud), une série de caractéristiques spatiales et socioculturelles propres à une « zone de frontière urbaine » dont la haute valeur stratégique, aussi bien en termes patrimoniaux qu’immobiliers et de position dans la ville, attire de manière significative l’intérêt des réformateurs urbains.Cela a engendré ces dernières années une série de conflits reliés à la construction de traits d’identité de la part des acteurs sociaux présents dans le secteur, qui réclament une série de pratiques et de modes de vie produits dans l’environnement local, face aux tendances signalées par une ville qui intensifie son insertion dans le processus actuel de globalisation.C’est précisément ce facteur qui permet de mettre en évidence des situations similaires dans d’autres métropoles du sous continent latino-américain (Quito, Lima, et Mexico, D.F.), marqués par des éléments historiques, socioculturels et urbanistiques communs, contribuant á la réalisation d’une réflexion ethnologique et anthropologique par le biais d’une analyse comparative.L’objectif de cette analyse consiste à comprendre les effets que les réformes urbaines poussées par les tendances de la ville globale du XXIème siècle ont sur ces zones de frontière et sur les groupes de population qui habitent les scénarios locaux où se développent ce genre d’interventions, beaucoup d’entre eux ayant déjà créé un modus vivendi dans ces lieux et voyant se transformer leur existence à partir des projets promus par les administrations urbaines.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Les effets de la rénovation urbaine et patrimoniale dans des zones locales-globales de frontière: le cas de la Place de San Victorino (Bogotá, D.C., Colombie) dans une analyse comprarée

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Imagen de apoyo de ¿Son los procesos de selección usados por la industria hotelera culturalmente sensitivos? = Are The Selection Methods Used By The Hospitality Industry Culturally Sensitive?

¿Son los procesos de selección usados por la industria hotelera culturalmente sensitivos? = Are The Selection Methods Used By The Hospitality Industry Culturally Sensitive?

Por: Guillermo Herrera Pinilla | Fecha: 01/01/2002

La industria hotelera se ha convertido en un ‘jugador’ central dentro de la economía global. La creciente movilidad de la fuerza de trabajo y el proceso de globalización de la industria son una realidad. Las organizaciones expandiéndose más allá de las fronteras locales están enfrentando, más que nunca, el reto de dirigir una fuerza de trabajo culturalmente diversa. Por tanto, la importancia de desarrollar métodos de selección culturalmente sensitivos dentro de un ambiente multicultural, representa un gran reto para la industria. La primera parte comprende una revisión de la literatura, la cual destaca temas claves como el proceso de globalización, los mercados laborales internacionales, el concepto de cultura, las prácticas en el área de los Recursos Humanos, la diversidad cultural, las prácticas discriminatorias, la validez y sensibilidad cultural de los métodos de selección, y las reacciones de los candidatos ante el proceso de selección.Un modelo es sugerido con el propósito de comprender la interacción de estos elementos. La segunda parte describe la investigación empírica llevada a cabo en tres grupos hoteleros internacionales establecidos en el Reino Unido. Las conclusiones advierten que los ‘nuevos’ individuos que están llegando a la industria hotelera están retando las prácticas tradicionales en las organizaciones. Hay una falta de conciencia (preocupación) cultural de la industria en cuanto a los métodos de selección. El reto de seleccionar empleados multiculturales no ha sido logrado por la industria aún. Las recomendaciones apuntan a que podría ser tiempo de revaluar, revisar y, de ser necesario, cambiar las prácticas de la industria.El talento debería ser más importante que la nacionalidad cuando los reclutadores seleccionen aspirantes de diferentes orígenes étnicos. Los aspirantes mismos también podrían necesitar el desarrollo de una actitud diferente ante el proceso de selección. Finalmente, es evidente que no existen estudios enfocados a la selección dentro de un ambiente multicultural.Investigaciones posteriores deberían ser dirigidas a identificar las dimensiones de las diferencias culturales que afectan los métodos de selección así como a medir su objetividad y sensibilidad cultural. De igual forma, se sugiere el diseño de un modelo conceptual consistente que procure comprender la interacción de los factores internos y externos que inciden sobre el proceso de selección.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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¿Son los procesos de selección usados por la industria hotelera culturalmente sensitivos? = Are The Selection Methods Used By The Hospitality Industry Culturally Sensitive?

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De la fistule anale chez les anfants

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Imagen de apoyo de Children born as a consequence of wartime sexual violence: subverting structures of discrimination = Niños nacidos como resultado de violencia sexual en tiempos de Guerra: subvirtiendo estructuras de discriminación

Children born as a consequence of wartime sexual violence: subverting structures of discrimination = Niños nacidos como resultado de violencia sexual en tiempos de Guerra: subvirtiendo estructuras de discriminación

Por: Tatiana Sánchez Parra | Fecha: 01/01/2013

Gender-based violence during armed conflicts and under oppressive regimes is a reality. Although governments, NGOs, the international community and civil society have made efforts to address the impact of gender-selective practices on women their magnitude remains underestimated. When sexual violence has been systematically used as a strategy of terror and control, children born as a consequence of it emerge within the society as a generation conceived from violence. Even though these children are part of the narratives of wartime sexual violence survivors, they have neither gained a place in the agenda of human rights concerns nor in the post-violence political agenda. Indeed, in the aftermath of conflict they seem to be invisible subjects of the wounded society and therefore, their role in the process of national reconciliation is denied.Although there is a significant lack of information on these children, empirical evidence shows that their human rights are highly compromised in a number of ways and that their presence cannot be underestimated. In this dissertation I argue that the omission to include these children in the agenda towards reconciliation hinders the project of national reconstruction. By being excluded from this process, they are not just marginalised from the political process towards reconstruction of the society but also from society itself. My analysis is enriched by elements coming from sociology, psychology and international human rights law. I based my research on the review of International Human Rights Instruments; Literature on gender based violence during conflicts; war-affected children; trauma; and reconciliation. In addition, I reviewed literature on the plight of these children in Bosnia and Herzegovina, East Timor, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Uganda.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Children born as a consequence of wartime sexual violence: subverting structures of discrimination = Niños nacidos como resultado de violencia sexual en tiempos de Guerra: subvirtiendo estructuras de discriminación

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Imagen de apoyo de Sustainability reporting: information complexity = Reportes de sostenibilidad: complejidad en la información

Sustainability reporting: information complexity = Reportes de sostenibilidad: complejidad en la información

Por: Carlos Oliveros | Fecha: 01/01/2010

Abstract:The paper presents a theoretical critical revision of the four mainstream sustainability information encoding processes by arguing that they are insufficiently capable of intelligibly recording, classifying, and summarizing sustainability data for economic prosperity, environmental integrity and social equity decision making (i.e. sustainable development). Utilizing the postulates of General Systems Theory and systems proprieties the problem of information complexity presented by sustainability data is addressed.Resumen:El siguiente trabajo presenta una revisión teórico crítica de los cuatro procesos de codificación de información desde los cuales se reporta actualmente en sostenibilidad. El trabajo sostiene que cada uno de ellos es insuficientemente capaz de registrar, clasificar y resumir información de forma inteligible para la toma de decisiones sobre desarrollo sostenible, es decir, respecto a decisiones sobre prosperidad económica, integridad medioambiental y equidad social. La revisión crítica está basada en los postulados de la Teoría General de Sistemas y en las propiedades sistémicas que permiten abordar el problema de la complejidad en información que presenta la información en sostenibilidad.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Sustainability reporting: information complexity = Reportes de sostenibilidad: complejidad en la información

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