Objetivo: en este artículo se quiere discutir la manera en que el concepto de pueblo fue incorporado a las reflexiones de los médicos colombianos entre 1870 y 1920. Además, busca entender las circunstancias que motivaron ese ejercicio de enunciación y proponer un análisis que resalte el carácter cultural del conocimiento científico. Desarrollo: partiendo de la revisión de literatura médica publicada durante ese periodo, el artículo indaga por las principales estrategias empleadas por los médicos para describir al pueblo, y señala que se trató de un ejercicio derivado de las dinámicas políticas, sociales y culturales que entonces impactaron el quehacer de la medicina en Colombia. Posteriormente, muestra la manera en que el perfil del pueblo, compuesto por las figuras del indio y del negro, emergió como una preocupación científica, que se articuló a una serie de marcadores físicos, raciales, morales e intelectuales preexistentes. Conclusiones: el artículo propone que la incorporación del pueblo a las reflexiones médicas señaladas hizo parte de un intento por diagnosticarlo desde las herramientas científicas que fue incorporando la medicina finalizando el siglo XIX; sin embargo, ese ejercicio no significó el abandono de nociones y categorías arraigadas en el contexto sociocultural propio del gremio médico.

Background Retinopathy of prematurity is the major cause of blindness in children in Colombia. This cause of childhood blindness is irreversible when stablished, but 100% preventable with the adequate strategies put in place. This raises important questions concerning strategies to reduce the incidence of blindness as a result of ROP, which should ensure that all infants who are at risk of blinding ROP are examined in screening programmes. Aim The aim was to collect data in the neonatal intensive care units. This was used to evaluate the existing human and material resources for preventing, screening and treating ROP and rehabilitation of children suffering from ROP. The data helped to do an analysis of gaps in the service and allowed to present a proposal for a programme to prevent blindness due to ROP in the cities of Manizales, Pereira and Armenia, Colombia. Methods 7 NICUs were visited in the three cities. The study collected quantitative data on neonatal intensive care units, admission and survival of premature babies during 2010, human resources and infrastructure and data on knowledge of the Colombian guidelines on ROP. Results The survival rates vary according to the provider. They are higher in the private sector, and lower in the public sector. Overall, the available data allowed us to estimate that there are approximately 45,000 births per year (2010) in the region (95% occur in hospital) and 1.8% of all the births are less than 2,000g. Therefore, in the region, 810 babies per year weighing less than 2,000g are at risk of developing any type of ROP. The number of places, ventilators and monitors is sufficient. Staffing is adequate in the private NICUs, with a shortage of neonatologists in the public NICUs. The number of nurses monitoring babies is universally adequate, but the lack of knowledge in controlling risk factors of developing ROP such as monitoring oxygen in a constraint. An ROP screening programme is not available in public NICUs and in some of the mixed providers. The Kangaroo Mother programme lack of screening for ROP. Conclusions The unstable health system has allowed (i) unsustainable NICUs and programmes for ROP (ii) If available, programmes running without being monitored or evaluated, and, (iii) no screening in public and some mixed NICUs in Manizales, Pereira and Armenia. (iv) no screening for ROP in the Kangaroo Mother Programe As access and survival rates improve in the NICUS of these cities, ROP is likely to continue to be a significant cause of blindness in the region, despite the progress that has been achieved with the 2010 Colombian guidelines for screening and treating ROP. Recommendations The results suggest that the prevention of blinding ROP is a complex task in Colombia that requires concomitant strategies to be put in place: Firstly, national policies in screening for ROP and oxygen delivery for the babies in the NICUs are needed. Secondly, as a primary preventive strategy, training nurses in the NICUs to control and monitor the delivery of oxygen; as a secondary preventive strategy, ROP programmes offered to the public, mixed, private NICUs and to the Kangaro Mother Programme; as a tertiary strategy, rehabilitation providing a low vision centre for these children Thirdly, running ROP programmes need to be monitored and evaluated.

Abstract: Seasonal influenza is an infectious disease of multi-causal etiology and a major cause of mortality worldwide that has been associated with environmental factors. In the attempt to model and predict future outbreaks of seasonal influenza with multiple environmental factors, we face the challenge of increased dimensionality that makes the models more complex and unstable. In this paper, we propose a nowcasting and forecasting framework that compares the theoretical approaches of Single Environmental Factor and Multiple Environmental Factors. We introduce seven solutions to minimize the weaknesses associated with the increased dimensionality when predicting seasonal influenza activity levels using multiple environmental factors as external proxies. Our work provides evidence that using dimensionality reduction techniques as a strategy to combine multiple datasets improves seasonal influenza forecasting without the penalization of increased dimensionality.

The Connecticut countryside, 1777. A messenger arrives at Sybil Ludington's farm with bad news. British soldiers are starting to burn villages in the area. Someone must alert the colonial militia, and the messenger is too tired. Sybil volunteers to ride from farm to farm through the dark forest. Can she rouse the soldiers in time?

Moingona, Iowa, 1881. Kate Shelley lives on a farm near Honey Creek with her mother and younger brothers and sisters. When a terrible storm makes the creek flood, the railroad bridge is washed out. Kate fears that the Midnight Express will crash into the raging waters. Kate sets out into the storm to give warning. Will she reach the station in time to stop the train?

Nominee: Reuben Award for Best Graphic Novel, YALSA, Great Graphic Novels for Teens. Bringing to life turn-of-the-century New York and the scintillating career of one of its most famous architects, as well as the vices that cost him his life, this true-crime graphic novel tells the story of one of the most scandalous murders of the times. Stanford White was one of New York's most famous architects, having designed many mansions and the first Madison Square Garden; his influence on New York's look at the turn of the century was pervasive. As he became popular and in demand, he also became quite self-indulgent: he had a taste for budding young showgirls on Broadway, even setting up a private apartment to entertain them in, including a room with a red velvet swing. When he met Evelyn Nesbitan exquisite young nymph, cover girl, showgirl, inspiration for Charles Dana Gibson's drawing The Eternal Question and later for the movie The Girl in the Red Velvet Swinghe knew he was on to something special. However, Evelyn eventually married a young Pittsburgh decadent heir with a dark side who developed a deep hatred for White and what he may or may not have done to her.

Learn about Enos Mills, the father of Rocky Mountain National Park.

Abstract: Despite some epidemiological evidence on the protective effects of polyphenol intake on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk from case-control studies, the evidence is scarce from prospective studies and non-existent for several polyphenol classes. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations between the intake of total, classes and subclasses of polyphenols and EOC risk in a large prospective study. The study was conducted in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort, which included 309,129 adult women recruited mostly from the general population. Polyphenol intake was assessed through validated country-specific dietary questionnaires and the Phenol-Explorer database. During a mean follow-up of 14 years, 1469 first incident EOC cases (including 806 serous, 129 endometrioid, 102 mucinous, and 67 clear cell tumours) were identified. In multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models, the hazard ratio in the highest quartile of total polyphenol intake compared with the lowest quartile (HRQ4vsQ1) was 1.14 (95% CI 0.94–1.39; p-trend = 0.11). Similarly, the intake of most classes and subclasses of polyphenols were not related to either overall EOC risk or any EOC subtype. A borderline statistically significant positive association was observed between phenolic acid intake (HRQ4vsQ1 = 1.20, 95% CI 1.01–1.43; p-trend = 0.02) and EOC risk, especially for the serous subtype and in women with obesity, although these associations did not exceed the Bonferroni correction threshold. The current results do not support any association between polyphenol intake and EOC in our large European prospective study. Results regarding phenolic acid intake need further investigation.

En el presente texto se hace una ubicación contextual del campo de la salud, para luego precisar aspectos relacionados con el campo terapéutico. El estudio de la relación fisioterapeuta - paciente es de gran interés, pues a diferencia de otros profesionales de la salud, el fisioterapeuta tiene un contacto corporal directo con el paciente. Identificar y analizar los mecanismos que posibilitan esta interacción permite comprender los elementos de poder presentes y las posiciones relativas asumidas por cada autor como producto de su bagaje social y cultural.

Issue #12 is about Hattie McDaniel, who was the first African-American Academy Award winner.