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Imagen de apoyo de Can Tourism School Enterprises build Social Capital to enhance people’s livelihoods? = ¿Pueden las Escuelas-empresa de Turismo construir Capital Social para mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas?

Can Tourism School Enterprises build Social Capital to enhance people’s livelihoods? = ¿Pueden las Escuelas-empresa de Turismo construir Capital Social para mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas?

Por: Nohora Constanza Olaya Cantor | Fecha: 01/01/2008

Abstract: The research dissertation “Can Tourism School Enterprises build Social Capital to enhance people’s livelihoods?” carried out and submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the MSc. in Development Administration and Planning at the Development Planning Unit - University College London. The paper analyses the construction of social capital through vocational high school education and training, specifically in tourism school enterprises. The objective of the research was to understand how tourism school enterprises can help communities to engage with other actors in the spheres of the state, market and civil society to access, defend and transform assets for individual and collective benefit. For this purpose, the paper elaborates on social capital as an analytical tool, developing a specific framework to assess the construction of social capital in tourism school enterprises. Base on this framework, there are two case studies presented, one in Ecuador and other in Guatemala. In these case studies, tourism school enterprises have been established and work with local communities in rainforest areas of Latin America. Resumen: El proyecto de investigación “Pueden las Escuelas-empresa de Turismo, construir Capital Social para mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas?” fue presentado en cumplimiento de los requerimientos para obtener el título de MSc. in Development Administration and Planning de la Development Planning Unit de University College London. El proyecto de investigación analiza la construcción del capital social a través de la educación superior vocacional y de entrenamiento, específicamente en las escuelas-empresa de turismo. El objetivo de la investigación fue el entender como las escuelas-empresa de turismo pueden ayudar a las comunidades para relacionarse con otros actores en las esferas del estado, el mercado y la sociedad civil para acceder, defender y transformar recursos para el beneficio individual y colectivo. Para este propósito, la investigación elabora en el capital social como herramienta analítica, desarrollando un marco específico para evaluar la construcción de capital social en las escuelas-empresa de turismo. Basado en este marco analítico, se presentan dos casos de estudio, uno en Ecuador y otro en Guatemala. En estos casos, las escuelas-empresa de turismo han sido establecidas y trabajan con comunidades locales en áreas selváticas de Latinoamérica.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Can Tourism School Enterprises build Social Capital to enhance people’s livelihoods? = ¿Pueden las Escuelas-empresa de Turismo construir Capital Social para mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas?

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Imagen de apoyo de Option-implied volatility and credit announcements: an event study approach = La volatilidad implícita en opciones y anuncios de crédito: estimacion via estudio de eventos

Option-implied volatility and credit announcements: an event study approach = La volatilidad implícita en opciones y anuncios de crédito: estimacion via estudio de eventos

Por: Nicolás Salamanca Acosta | Fecha: 01/01/2009

The aim of this paper was to measure the effect of different credit-related events on the option implied volatility of several companies that belong to the Dow Jones Euro Stoxx 50 index list. Measuring the effect of credit events on volatility will augment on the already important body of literature that investigates the volatility-related phenomena; in particular those who research the effect of news on volatility.I find that, over the entire window around the credit events, there was a decrease in the implied volatility but that only the negative events have a statistically significant effect, which reflects the stronger information content of negative credit events researched by previous papers. I also found that this negative effect is mainly due to a strong “reversal” effect in the post-event 10-day period, where the negative effect is stronger and more statistically significant (particularly for the negative events).Furthermore, during the pre-event period there is not much evidence that supports any type of foresight of the market. My results also suggest that there is a difference between the behavior of the implied volatility when the events are outlook changes and credit reviews, and when the event is a rating change (downgrade/upgrade).
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Option-implied volatility and credit announcements: an event study approach = La volatilidad implícita en opciones y anuncios de crédito: estimacion via estudio de eventos

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Imagen de apoyo de Policy Recommendations To Foster The Development Of The Vegetables Supply Chain In An Agrarian District = Recomendaciones de Políticas para Impulsar el Desarrollo de un Clúster Agrícola en un Distrito Agrario en Antioquia

Policy Recommendations To Foster The Development Of The Vegetables Supply Chain In An Agrarian District = Recomendaciones de Políticas para Impulsar el Desarrollo de un Clúster Agrícola en un Distrito Agrario en Antioquia

Por: Yúber Andrés Romero Aristizábal | Fecha: 01/01/2009

Oriente Antioqueño is an important region within Antioquia. There, the production of vegetables represents an important element of the economy, with approximately 12,000 farmers cultivating vegetables in four municipalities. There, farmers have inadequate training in agricultural practices, they lack adequate instruction on how to use fertilizers and pesticides, and also they do not have the appropriate instruments, among many other technological pitfalls. This situation leads to high levels of crops losses, higher costs of production, and sometimes, noncompliance with phytosanitary standards and environmental damage.In order to solve the problem this thesis analysis the outcome from central policies and covers the analysis of two international cases (in Brazil and Nicaragua) looking for new strategies to foster competitiveness in the production of vegetables.I identified four policy options: (1) maintaining the status quo, (2) increasing municipal revenues and restructuring UMATAs, (3) upgrading Law 811, and (4) implementing a cluster development program. The first alternative assesses the implications of letting the market operate under current conditions.Policy alternatives 2 and 3 evaluate the benefits from restructuring agricultural extension offices and the agreements of competitiveness. Finally, implementing a cluster development program explores the gains from creating a local strategy to generate an enabling environment in the production of vegetables. After evaluating the policy options using the criteria of political feasibility, administrative feasibility, effectiveness, efficiency, and equity, I recommend implementing a cluster development program. This option is likely to generate higher benefits as it counteracts problems in the supply and the demand side of the vegetables supply chain. Moreover, as a program implemented at the local level by local institutions, it promises better results.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Policy Recommendations To Foster The Development Of The Vegetables Supply Chain In An Agrarian District = Recomendaciones de Políticas para Impulsar el Desarrollo de un Clúster Agrícola en un Distrito Agrario en Antioquia

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Imagen de apoyo de Race and racisms in selected history and social studies textbooks in Colombia and South Africa = Raza y racismos en libros- texto de historia y ciencias sociales en Colombia y Sur Africa

Race and racisms in selected history and social studies textbooks in Colombia and South Africa = Raza y racismos en libros- texto de historia y ciencias sociales en Colombia y Sur Africa

Por: Diana María Rodríguez Gómez | Fecha: 01/01/2009

This paper analyses how contemporary Colombian social studies and South African history textbooks represent notions of race and racism to combat the historical legacies of these countries. It uses Critical Discourse Analysis to argue that, while there has been significant progress made in overcoming racism in the new textbooks in the two countries, there are still many challenges. In particular the paper notes that notwithstanding the more equal and balanced representation of traditionally excluded subjects, new forms of exclusion still permeate new social studies and history textbooks in Colombia and South Africa. In reviewing the textbooks produced in the two countries, the paper provides markers for researchers and policy makers seeking to transform deep-seated inequities in society. 
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Race and racisms in selected history and social studies textbooks in Colombia and South Africa = Raza y racismos en libros- texto de historia y ciencias sociales en Colombia y Sur Africa

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Imagen de apoyo de Brain-machine interface for decoding imaginary limb movements = Interface cerebro computador para la decodificación de movimientos imaginarios

Brain-machine interface for decoding imaginary limb movements = Interface cerebro computador para la decodificación de movimientos imaginarios

Por: Anderson Mora Cortés | Fecha: 01/01/2009

In this thesis two different studies are presented separately because each study has a different purpose even though the two studies are complementary. For the first study an available dataset for BCI is used. This dataset is consistent with the aim of the first study because it allows the implementation and development of the proposed technique for BCI based on imaginary limb movement with a small amount of electrodes. The technique I implemented trough this study is a reliable option to be used for a BCI-based on imaginary movements.In the second study a different dataset is used because the requirements for the technique to be implemented are different. Training and testing dataset are necessary to describe a practical computational technique that is applied for a single trial classification based on a Common Spatial Pattern and complemented with a linear discriminator. The training data is used to build a classifier and the testing data allows measuring the performance of the classifier implemented. After testing the classifier the good performance obtained makes this technique of great interest for any imaginary movement based-BCI.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Brain-machine interface for decoding imaginary limb movements = Interface cerebro computador para la decodificación de movimientos imaginarios

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Imagen de apoyo de Risk management: disclosure effects

Risk management: disclosure effects

Por: Juan Francisco; Gutiérrez Diez | Fecha: 01/01/2009

This thesis explores the effect of disclosure on risk management policies. Following recent theory on risk management, with market imperfections, risk management creates value by reducing the volatility of the cash flows. Those risk policies are conditioned by actual disclosure rules that reduce information asymmetry between managers and shareholders, providing a comprehensive view of the firm.However, disclosure gives different accounting choices, hence affecting the decision-making process of managers. The purpose of this thesis is to establish if managers adapt their actual risk policy to disclosure rules. Specifically, we discuss how managers make decisions regarding exchange rate risk in forecasted transactions. In addition, we discuss how hedging affects valuation by using an investor perspective. This is done through the analysis of the automotive industry in Sweden, Germany and France and the considerations of analysts and auditors.We found that risk management policies are affected by accounting rules and that analysts are aware of those effects but have problems to measure them. However, not enough evidence was found to prove that managers try to avoid the volatility the fair value option brings when hedging a forecasted flow.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Risk management: disclosure effects

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Imagen de apoyo de The perceptions of monoligual spanish parents towards their daughters’ learing process of acquiring a second language and their ideas on how we, as a school can help them through this process

The perceptions of monoligual spanish parents towards their daughters’ learing process of acquiring a second language and their ideas on how we, as a school can help them through this process

Por: Ana María Rojas Nariño | Fecha: 01/01/2009

This research investigated how monolingual Spanish speaking parents perceived their involvement during their daughters’ second language acquisition process, and what they believed the school should do to help them help their daughters. The researcher contacted 25 parents who live in Bogotá- Colombia and then administrated a questionnaire via email.It was found that: (1) Parents want to raise bilingual children in order to prepare them for the future but, (2) their low proficiency level in the second language is the main barrier to be 100 percent involved during the SLA process (3) Parents believe that in order for their daughters to be successful not only in acquiring a second language, but during their school life, both school and parents need to work as a team (4) Mothers, which according to the findings have the lowest proficiency in the second language, are the ones having to help their daughters at home with homework, and therefore the SLA process, adding an extra stress to their everyday household activities (5).The parents of this study know exactly want they want the school to teach them in order to feel proficient when helping their daughters, for that reason, the school needs to take the necessary steps to motivate, support and guide parents to be involved and effective when it comes to helping their daughters learn. Excerpts in both English and Spanish, are presented throughout the research. At the end, limitations of this research and recommendations for future research are stated.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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The perceptions of monoligual spanish parents towards their daughters’ learing process of acquiring a second language and their ideas on how we, as a school can help them through this process

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Imagen de apoyo de Methodology of Impact Assessments in the EU. The use of the experience of Member State as a means of upholding the principle of proportionate analysis

Methodology of Impact Assessments in the EU. The use of the experience of Member State as a means of upholding the principle of proportionate analysis

Por: Ángela María Noguera Moreno | Fecha: 01/01/2009

Good quality of legislation is one of the main concerns of the European Union. Given that the EU system is not a single structure but coexists with the legislative systems of the Member States, there is a need to have a Community legislation system which is adaptable to the particular conditions of its Member States and which contributes to the consolidation of the Internal Market.With the purpose of achieving this goal in a sustainable way, in 2011 the European Commission issued its White Paper on European Governance. It stated the necessity of a better and simpler regulatory system involving the participations of all the relevant actors -central governments, regions, cities and civil society. It also declared that ""to improve the quality of its policies, the Union must first asses whether action is needed and, if it is, whether it should be at Union level.Where Union action is required, it should consider the combination of different policy tools. When legislatin, the Union needs to find ways of speeding up the legislative process. It must find the right mix between imposing a uniform approach when and where it is needed and allowing greater flexibility in the way that rules are implemented on the ground. It must boost confidence in the way expert advice influences policy decisions.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Methodology of Impact Assessments in the EU. The use of the experience of Member State as a means of upholding the principle of proportionate analysis

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Imagen de apoyo de Niche appliaction development for space based solar power = Desarrollo de aplicaciones de nicho para energía solar desde el espacio

Niche appliaction development for space based solar power = Desarrollo de aplicaciones de nicho para energía solar desde el espacio

Por: Raúl Eduardo Gutiérrez Gómez | Fecha: 01/01/2009

The results of this report indicate how niche product developments for Space Based Solar Power (SBSP) can be easily achieved using present day technology, which markets need to be addressed, which niche configurations to pursue, and which organizations have the needed competencies to proceed. Classical SBSP concepts generally call for large rigid systems to be placed in orbit to collect and transmit several GW of energy down to Earth’s commercial electricity grid, and are still faced with many problems including system complexity, development, and costs. Smaller more specific niche applications of these concepts focus on different markets with lower complexity and barriers to entry while developing technologies and infrastructure needed for the classical SBSP.Technical research was performed in order to identify potential system configurations as well as crucial competencies and technologies needed by the SBSP effort. A pair of unique technical configurations was proposed in an attempt to mitigate standard SBSP challenges such as construction, rigidity, and launch costs. A strategic evaluation tool was created to evaluate all potential system configurations in terms of risk and complexity; ideal configurations were chosen based on anticipated markets and the results from the strategic analysis.Market research was performed in order to understand and valuate the utility of different niche configurations; these included the scientific, remote, green, space to space, and military markets. Very high value segments were observed in each of these market areas with a range of $0.37 to $1.88 USD per kwh for Terrestrial applications, and a range of $380.00 to $1200.00 per kwh for space applications. Exploration of the European Carbon Trading Exchange as a source of revenue is explored due to CO2 offsets. A unique satellite product is proposed and valuated which receives energy directly from an external on orbit source. The value of restoring functionality to damaged satellites is estimated in the millions of dollars.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Niche appliaction development for space based solar power = Desarrollo de aplicaciones de nicho para energía solar desde el espacio

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Imagen de apoyo de Coupling level set methods with the ensemble kalman filter for conditioning geological facies models to well and production data

Coupling level set methods with the ensemble kalman filter for conditioning geological facies models to well and production data

Por: David Leonardo Moreno Bedoya | Fecha: 01/01/2009

In the work we developed a new methodology based on the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) and the level set method for the continuous model updating of geological facies with respect to production and static (well logs) data. We modelled geological facies using a level set representation and further conditioned them to production and static data using the ensemble Kalman filter. The history matching was done in a continuous fashion since the filter does not depend on previous states and updates parameters and states of the physical system as it receives data from the fields. The methodology is completely new and may provide an alternative to the pluri-Gaussian method with competitive complexity times. Further, the methodology allows to involve prior knowledge of the reservoir as a template base case in a Bayesian-like update. The methodology was tested and compare to others and implemented on a real 3D north-sea and synthetic reservoirs.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Tipo de contenido: Tesis
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Coupling level set methods with the ensemble kalman filter for conditioning geological facies models to well and production data

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