Are we Reconciling? A Social Psychological Apporach to Legitimacy and Reconciliation in Colombia = ¿Nos estamos Reconciliando? Un acercamiento desde la psicología social a la legitimidad y reconciliación en Colombia
Abstract:
The present study serves as an exploratory analysis of the current situation of the FARC (Fuerza Alternativa Revolucionaria del Común) political party in the reconciliation process in Colombia in light of two broad concepts: Legitimacy and Reconciliation. It focuses on how a sample of the Colombian population perceives both concepts regarding the FARC as a political party after being a guerrilla group and often considered, by the international community, a terrorist group. Given the fact that it has been suggested that incorporating the civil society can give the peace agreements higher levels of legitimacy (D. Nilsson, 2012), the Colombian peace process was no exception. The plebiscite of 2016 was a strong surprise as a slight majority of the population rejected the agreement, questioning the legitimacy of its future. This result was especially difficult for the following birth of the FARC political party, which was one of the key elements of what was agreed with the government of then President Juan Manuel Santos. Because Legitimacy is a key element for peace agreements to achieve the objectives set in the peace agreement, this study hypothesized that those who perceive a higher legitimacy of the FARC political party would also perceive that the political party is contributing more to Reconciliation in Colombia. This correlation is therefore moderated by key aspects of the Colombian political and social reality: religion, ideological stance, whether a person considers herself or himself as a victim of the FARC or whether they vote in favour or against the plebiscite of 2016. To analyse these variables, participants completed a questionnaire with different items regarding their opinion on statements offered. Through a Pearson correlation test and several Wilcoxon rank sum tests, it was shown a positive correlation between perceived Legitimacy and perceived contribution to Reconciliation by the FARC political party, statistically significant differences between the samples of each variable (faith, whether victim, in favour or against, ideology). Multiple linear regressions revealed that the contribution to Reconciliation by the FARC political party is predicted by how legitimate the respondent considers them, only slightly affected by how the person voted in 2016. Interestingly this is not the case when the variables are inverted: the perception of Legitimacy, having contribution to Reconciliation as the explanatory variable, is virtually affected by every moderator at all significant levels. These results are important because they contribute to understanding reconciliatory processes and the future of political parties created after experiences of prolonged violence and large numbers of victims.
Citación recomendada (normas APA)
Jaime José Unda McFarlane, "Are we Reconciling? A Social Psychological Apporach to Legitimacy and Reconciliation in Colombia = ¿Nos estamos Reconciliando? Un acercamiento desde la psicología social a la legitimidad y reconciliación en Colombia", Colombia:-, 2020. Consultado en línea en la Biblioteca Digital de Bogotá (https://www.bibliotecadigitaldebogota.gov.co/resources/3711387/), el día 2025-05-02.
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Are we Reconciling? A Social Psychological Apporach to Legitimacy and Reconciliation in Colombia = ¿Nos estamos Reconciliando? Un acercamiento desde la psicología social a la legitimidad y reconciliación en Colombia
