Topological defects–such as Domain Walls, cosmic strings, and magnetic monopoles–are expected to appear during a phase transition in GUT of particle physics. The concentration of such monopoles in the early universe was estimated to be the dominant matter in the universe. However, this is in tension with the fact that monopoles have not been observed. The former is known as the cosmological monopole problem. Different solutions to this problem are known today, being inflation the most well known. In this scenario, the universe inflates, dilutes the monopoles, and their density decreases to acceptable levels. Another solution was proposed by Dvali, Liu, and Vachaspati in 1997. The main idea is that Domain Walls, generated during the same phase transition, swept away the monopoles before decaying.
In general, this solution proposes that defect interactions lead to a defect erasure mechanism. This mechanism has been investigated in a SU(5) Grand unified model. Besides, it has been recognized in the interactions of skyrmions with walls, and vortices with walls in 3He. In the present work, we explore this mechanism in yet another system. We study the unwinding process of a vortex during the collision with a layer of Coulomb vacuum. This layer is a non-topological Domain Wall containing a core with a Coulomb-like phase, inside which the whole symmetry group is restored.
Specifically, we considered the (2+1)-dimensional model of a complex scalar field with a U(1) gauge symmetry, and sextic potential V(?)=?2|?|2(|?|2??2)2. In this model, the zero homotopy group and the fundamental group of the vacuum manifold are non-trivial. Consequently, Domain Walls and vortices belong to the spectrum of this model. A (?,0)-Domain Wall is a topological field configuration interpolating the Higgs (?|?|2?=?2), and the Coulomb (??|2?=0) vacua. In this setup, a (?,0,?)-Domain Wall configuration forms a Coulomb vacuum layer characterized by its width l. Although this configuration is unstable, we find numerically that if 40mh-1
Citación recomendada (normas APA)
Juan Sebastian Valbuena Bermúdez, "Erasure of defects: Vortex unwinding by domain wall sweeping = Borrado de defectos: desenrollamiento de vórtices por barrido de paredes de dominio", Colombia:-, 2020. Consultado en línea en la Biblioteca Digital de Bogotá (https://www.bibliotecadigitaldebogota.gov.co/resources/3711068/), el día 2025-05-06.
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