En el mercado mundial del café, la calidad del grano (aroma, sabor, cuerpo y acidez) y su consistencia, son los factores más decisivos para los clientes que motivan a un comprador a pagar un precio determinado por un producto. Cuando se cumplen ambas condiciones: consistencia y calidad de café y se suma la cantidad con frecuencia, los clientes están dispuestos a pagar un precio superior y se puede lograr una diferenciación del mismo que representa un mayor ingreso y por ende, una mayor rentabilidad y competitividad de la industria cafetalera. Con esta óptica, el proyecto se localiza en Viotá, al sur occidente del Departamento de Cundinamarca, a 86 km de Bogotá y a 12 km de la carretera troncal que comunica el interior con el sur del país. Este emprendimiento consiste en el procesamiento de café cereza en café pergamino seco demostrando condiciones viables desde lo social, financiero, mercado, medio ambiente e ingeniería. La empresa tendrá dos frentes de trabajo; uno relacionado con una planta procesadora y otro con la fuerza comercial que genera el poder de negociación que necesitan los clientes

Abstract: This research aims to create non-hurricane non-tornadic maps of extreme wind speeds for the mean recurrence intervals MRIs 700, 1700, and 3000 years, covering the Colombian territory. For infrastructure design, these maps are combined with existing hurricane wind speed studies, to be used as input loads due to wind. For each station with non-thunderstorm wind speeds time histories in the input data, following (Pintar, Simiu, Lombardo, & Levitan, 2015), extreme wind speeds corresponding to each MRI are calculated using a Peaks Over Threshold Poisson Process POT-PP extreme value model, then wind velocities with the same MRI are spatially interpolated to generate continuous maps for the whole study area. The annual exceedance probability for all velocity values in 700, 1700 and 3000 years MRIs output maps are respectively 1/700, 1/1700 and 1/3000. Regarding input data, not only time series of field measurements from IDEAM methodological stations are used, but also postprocessed information coming from the Integrated Surface Database ISD, and ERA5 forecast reanalysis data. This condition demanded a comparison of the different data sources, in order to verify the feasibility in the use of ISD and ERA5, this is downscaling support. The result of the comparison showed little similarity between the different sources, but taking into account that complete and adequate measured data from IDEAM was not available. Before to apply POT-PP, ISD and IDEAM data sources were standardized to meet the requirement of three seconds (3-s) wind gust speed, ten (10) meters anemometer height, and terrain open space condition. Due to the limitation in the classification of thunderstorm and non-thunderstorm data, it was not possible to take real advantage of POT-PP method, which was limited/restricted from non-homogeneous to homogeneous and from nonstationary to stationary, being equivalent to use the most common POT - generalized Pareto approach. Non-hurricane maps were created for data sources ISD and ERA5, using Kriging as spatial interpolation method. After the integration with previous hurricane studies, the results of ERA5 showed the most reliable final maps, despite limitations in the input data to guarantee downscaling support. ISD final map showed very high wind values, which are unlikely. These shortcomings may be corrected when complete IDEAM data-source and storm data classification are available. A complete R tool was implemented to solve the whole process, which is based in copyrighted code for declustering and thresholding generously given by Dr Adam L. Pintar adam.pin [email protected] - NIST, U.S Department of Commerce. Resumen: Esta investigación tiene como objetivo la creación de mapas de velocidades de viento extremo (no-huracán, no tornado) para los periodos de retorno 700, 1700 y 3000 años, cubriendo todo el territorio colombiano. Estos mapas se combinaron con estudios sobre velocidades de viento de huracanes para ser usados como cargas de viento para diseño de infraestructura. Para cada estación en los datos de entrada con historias de tiempo de velocidades de viento tipo ""no tormenta"", siguiendo (Pintar, Simiu, Lombardo, & Levitan, 2015), se calcularon velocidades extremas de viento correspondientes a cada periodo de retorno, usando un modelo de valores extremos de picos sobre el umbral - proceso de Poisson (POT-PP), para posteriormente interpolar velocidades de viento con el mismo periodo de retorno y generar mapas continuos para toda el área de estudio. La probabilidad de excedencia anual para todos los mapas resultantes con valores de velocidad de 700, 1700 y 3000 años, son 1/700, 1/1700 y 1/3000 respectivamente. En relación con los datos de entrada, no solamente se usaron las series de tiempo de los datos de campo del IDEAM, pero también datos de la base de datos ISD (Integrated Surface Database) y datos de reanálisis de ERA5, sin embargo, los resultados finales se basaron solamente en ERA5.

Abstract: A bio-based future where biomaterials are part of everyday life is the vision and entry point of this thesis. Achieving this scenario requires changes in socio-technical systems by cutting non-renewable materials and redefining cultural and behavioural dynamics in the production-consumption value chain. With a focus on user experience, this research proposes the following. How can the user experience with materials be used as a driver in the biomaterial transition? Several theories related to materials, diffusion of innovations, and sustainability transitions address the challenges and potentials of the biomaterial transition separately. However, there is not an integrated approach. This research aims to tackle this gap articulating a literature review and three exploratory studies as research stages. The results broaden the perception of biomaterials as disruptive innovations. Thus, deepening in their role in shaping social practices redefine the material culture towards a sustainability transition. Resumen: Un futuro de base biológica donde los biomateriales sean parte de la vida cotidiana es la visión y el punto de entrada de esta tesis. Alcanzar este escenario requiere cambios en los sistemas sociotécnicos mediante la reducción de materiales no renovables y la redefinición de dinámicas culturales y de comportamiento en la cadena de valor de producción-consumo. Con un enfoque en la experiencia del usuario, esta investigación propone lo siguiente. ¿Cómo se puede utilizar la experiencia del usuario con los materiales como motor en la transición del biomaterial? Varias teorías relacionadas con los materiales, la difusión de innovaciones y las transiciones de sostenibilidad abordan los desafíos y los potenciales de la transición de los biomateriales por separado. Sin embargo, no existe un enfoque integrado. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo abordar este vacío articulando una revisión de literatura y tres estudios exploratorios como etapas de investigación. Los resultados amplían la percepción de los biomateriales como innovaciones disruptivas. Así, profundizando en su papel en dar forma a las prácticas sociales redefinir la cultura material hacia una transición sostenible.

Actualmente en Colombia, el cultivo de cacao, junto con los cultivos de café, caucho y palma, sobresalen como estrategia de desarrollo rural en el marco del posconflicto, la transformación del campo y la disminución de economías ilegales mediante la sustitución de cultivos ilícitos. En el occidente de Boyacá, el cacao fue el principal medio sustitutivo de cultivos ilícitos y ha surgido en la región como un proyecto empresarial y productivo interesante en la última década, generando nuevos escenarios territoriales. El propósito de esta monografía, es entonces, analizar desde un enfoque histórico y crítico, y desde diferentes narrativas, las dinámicas y los procesos territoriales que han incidido en la construcción del territorio en la región occidental del departamento de Boyacá; en especial, con una mirada reflexiva sobre la incidencia que ha tenido el cacao en la transformación del territorio, al punto de ser catalogado por muchos como una "apuesta por la esperanza".

Abstract: One of the recurring problems in the construction industry is its recognised lack of productivity due to different factors, among which could be highlighted the fragmentation of the information flow between the different phases of the project life cycle and the difficulty in communication between the different stakeholders. To address this, the industry has reacted through the use of prefabrication and the implementation of new technologies such as Building Information Modelling. The aim is to improve both productivity, through mass customisation, and the flow of information between phases and stakeholders in the projects, through the use of software and platforms, which also give the possibility of automation with processes such as Generative Design. The dissertation investigates the use of these technologies in the area of prefabrication in construction, focusing on the current implementation of configurators and the associated automation that could be derived from their use for the development of projects. Taking a hybrid prefabrication system (wood and concrete) currently used by CASAIS company as a case study, the research seeks to develop a framework that exploits the modular characteristics of these systems, especially in the design phase. It is in this phase where it is possible to take advantage of the limited number of parameters of the prefabricated elements in automating the generation of design proposals and in obtaining information related to KPIs, which would, in turn, allow a more objective feasibility analysis during this first phase of the project. The indicated solution is, firstly, the proposal of a methodology to develop a configurator applied to the case study, which uses tools and/or platforms, that are currently present in the market related to BIM and the construction industry. Then the dissertation continues with the specific development of the section of the methodology corresponding to the generation of the computational model, and for this purpose visual programming is used, taking as initial information the relevant parameters and data to be obtained that are typical of the prefabrication system studied. The research seeks to make a contribution to the current progress in terms of productivity and information flow that has been developed in the construction industry with the implementation of prefabrication and BIM. With the use of configurators, associated with these new technologies, an incursion into automation methods is proposed, especially in the project gestation phases through Generative Design. Thus, by making use of the mass customisation possibilities offered by prefabrication systems and the integration of nonprofessional agents, (taking advantage of the ease of use of the configurators), a more integrated design process and a more objective decision-making process can be achieved, since it is based on more accurate data related to the feasibility of the projects.

Abstract: Risk analysis techniques help to identify threats, problems and anomalies in processes and systems that may affect the health and safety of employees, the environment, equipment reliability and normative compliance. In this thesis, a stochastic risk analysis with Monte Carlo simulation applied to FMECA (Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis) was performed for a specific model of wind turbine located in the Alpha Ventus offshore wind Park. Monte Carlo simulations provide the decisionmaker with a range of possible outcomes and the probabilities of occurrences of these results, that are derived mainly from the uncertainty associated to the subjectivity of judgement from a group of experts. As a supplementary method to the stochastic FMECA, Risk Assessments Matrix (RAM) was also used for bivariate distributions of Severity and Occurrence of the identified failure modes. The results obtained were compared to the results that would be normally obtained with a conventional FMECA and RAM and will serve in future steps to develop Risk-Based Inspection plans for this model of wind turbine in this offshore wind park.

Según los resultados del Estudio de Inclusión Financiera en Colombia, el 63% de la población no se endeuda y un 20% lo hace solo de manera informal por la falta de educación financiera, productos que no se ajustan a las necesidades, la desconfianza en el sector financiero tradicional, ingresos insuficientes, costos, trámites y requisitos. En el marco de la cuarta revolución industrial, aparece el término 'Fintech', que consiste en ofrecer nuevos servicios financieros basados en tecnologías de la información, con el objeto de añadir valor, des intermediar, capacidad de oferta de persona a persona (C2C, C2P, P2P), eficiencia a nivel de costos, acceso y mayor transparencia en la oferta financiera. CrediÁgil "Compañía de financiamiento en línea para todos" es una plataforma de servicios financieros incluyente, mediante el aprovechamiento de Fintech, permitirá el acceso a préstamos online con el objetivo de disminuir las barreras de acceso por trámites y requisitos; autoexclusión o costos, mediante un sistema de evaluación 100% en línea, desembolsará a una tasa de interés inferior a la tasa de usura con beneficios de acuerdo con el perfil del cliente), disminuyendo la burocracia en el proceso actual para pedir un préstamo, en menos tiempo, cero papeleos y cero filas.

Healthy and nutritious vending offers balanted snacks of excellent nutritional quality (fruits, sandwiches, nuts, biscuits and cakes high in fiber, sausages, chips and low-fat dairy and sodium) through automatic vending machines for food and beverages which they have a touch screen where it is possible to present nutritional information and advertising of products aimed at employees of large and medium-sized companies in the city of Bogotá, offering advantages for the health of employees and contributing to the productivity of the company. This project is committed to healthy and quality food as an alternative for everyone in a world where there is more and more awareness to lead a healthy life.

Radionave X-305, año estelar 17. Aventura No. 630. Bitácora de vuelo: La aventura de hoy nace en el Laboratorio de Voces de la Maestría en Infancia y Cultura de la Universidad Distrital. Aventura del sábado 18 de mayo

Radionave X-305, año estelar 17. Aventura No. 633. Bitácora de vuelo: La aventura de hoy nace en el Laboratorio de Voces de la Maestría en Infancia y Cultura de la Universidad Distrital. Aventura del sábado 8 de junio