Ovinos-Ganado ovino - Ovis aries

Diferentes miradas se esbozan y se reflejan, se cruzan y se interrogan a partir de las experiencias y reflexiones que se presentan en esta obra. En ella se reflexiona sobre el significado del arte para los ciegos a través del relato de diferentes propuestas realizadas con personas invidentes. Otras miradas. Las miradas que se logran al utilizar integralmente los sentidos. Las miradas que trascienden lo visual para convertirse en imágenes interiores. Las miradas sobre la educación artística. Una educación que entendemos como pluralista. Que debería potenciar el aprendizaje y la construcción de...

Este libro, Otorrinolaringología, no pretende ser un tratado sobre esta especialidad médico-quirúrgica. Es, sencillamente, una herramienta para la docencia que recoge fielmente el contenido de las sesiones teóricas y prácticas del curso académico.

Abstract: Introduction: Moebius syndrome is a rare congenital disorder that is treated by several specialists, moreover the role of the otolaryngologist is not well established and there are no specific guidelines for its management and follow-up. Methods: We made a descriptional, observational and prospective study where patients of all ages with the diagnosis of Moebius syndrome were included between June 2012 and September 2014 in the Otolarygology Department of the General Hospital “Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez”. After a complete otolaryngology history was made, we performed on patients under 4 years otoacoustic emissions and/or auditory brainstem response tests, and a audiometry on patients over 5 years old; besides that a tympanometry and stapedial reflexes were performed. A polysomnography was ordered in case patients had suggestive clinical data of any sleep diorder breathing. Results: The association with other genetic síndromes was low (17.5%) being primarily with Pierre Robin síndrome. Common craneofacial anomalies were wide nasal dorsum and micrognathia (37.5%), as well as mandibular hipoplasia, hiperterlorism and cleft palate. Seventy percent of patients had normal hearing and 52.5% of the tympanometries were abnormal. Patients who had suggestive clinical features for sleep apnea, 92% had a positive result in the polysomnography. Conclusions: There are no specific otolaryngologic clinical manifestations, moreover those who had craniofacial malformations were more susceptible in having them. The evaluation of the otolaryngologist is crucial in order to rule out these features and promote the correct rehabilitation of the patient along with other medical specialties. Resumen: Introducción: El síndrome de Moebius es un trastorno congénito raro, visto por varias especialidades médicas, sin embargo el papel del otorrinolaringólogo no está bien establecido ni existen guías para su manejo y seguimiento. Objetivos: Determinar las manifestaciones otorrinolaringológicas en estos pacientes para establecer un protocolo diagnóstico y terapéutico con fines multidisciplinarios. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional y prospectivo donde se incluyeron a pacientes de todas las edades con diagnóstico de síndrome de Moebius, atendidos entre junio de 2012 a septiembre de 2014 en el servicio de otorrinolaringología del Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González. Posterior a una historia otorrinolaringológica completa, se realizaron emisiones otoacústicas y/o potenciales evocados auditivos de tallo cerebral en menores de 3 años y audiometría en mayores de 4 años, además de timpanometría y reflejos estapediales. Se solicitó una polisomnografía en pacientes con datos clínicos sugestivos de trastornos respiratorios del dormir. Resultados: La asociación con otros síndromes genéticos fue baja (17.5%) siendo principalmente con Pierre Robin (7.5%). Las anormalidades craneofaciales comunes fueron dorso nasal ancho y micrognatia (37.5%), así como hipoplasia maxilar, hipertelorismo y paladar hendido. El 68% presentó normoacusia y el 45% presentaron timpanometrías anormales. De los pacientes con datos sugestivos para apnea del sueño 92% presentaron un resultado positivo por polisomnografía. Conclusiones: No existe un patrón de manifestaciones otorrinolaringológicas específicas, sin embargo aquéllos con malformaciones craneofaciales son más susceptibles a presentarlos. La valoración del otorrinolaringólogo resulta imprescindible para descartarlos y promover la rehabilitación del paciente junto con otras especialidades médicas.

Este manual está dirigido a los estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad del Norte. No obstante, la distribución de los temas abarca los contenidos generales que se estudian acerca del sistema musculoesquelético en cualquier programa o facultad de Medicina en el mundo. El manual consta de una serie de guías con información teórica esencial, así como tareas y ejercicios de aplicación que, sin duda, facilitarán a los estudiantes el aprendizaje de la materia.

Este manual está dirigido a los estudiantes de Medicina. No obstante, la distribución de los temas abarca los contenidos generales que se estudian acerca del sistema musculoesquelético en cualquier programa o facultad de Medicina en el mundo. El manual consta de una serie de guías con información teórica esencial, así como tareas y ejercicios de aplicación que, sin duda, facilitarán a los estudiantes el aprendizaje de la materia.

La ortopedia maxilar es un excelente medio terapéutico que, siendo indoloro para el paciente, previene, intercepta y corrige las maloclusiones a edad temprana, generando de manera positiva transformaciones a nivel maxilar, dental, facial , postural y del autoestima. Esta obra es una guía para la adecuada práctica de la ortopedia maxilar porque facilita de manera ordenada, su camino desde la etiología, pasando por el diagnóstico tratamiento y diferentes aparatos, hasta llegar a la retención.

Abstract: This review aimed at evaluating the state of availability, accessibility and model of delivery of oral health services in prisons, globally. Five databases of peer-reviewed literature and potential sources of gray literature were systematically searched. Inclusion criteria encompassed oral health papers related to prisons globally, with exclusion of certain article types. Selection involved independent evaluations by two researchers, followed by quality assessment. Data on the availability of oral health interventions in prisons came from18 countries, while information on the model of delivery of the services is scarce. In addition, two sets of individual and organizational barriers toward oral health service uptake in prisons were revealed and discussed in the text. Lack of oral health services in prisons affects people living in prisons and jeopardizes their reintegration. Urgent and concrete international actions are required to ensure the availability, accessibility, and quality of oral health services among people living in prisons.

Abstract: Changes in demographics and epidemiology have made non-communicable diseases (NCDs) a global and highly relevant problem. Globally, oral diseases cause serious health and economic burdens, leading to a substantial reduction in quality of life for those affected. Oral diseases and other NCDs share modifiable risk factors, including tobacco use, harmful use of alcohol and unhealthy diets, as well as the same socioeconomic determinants. The oral cavity provides valuable insights into overall health, as systemic diseases such as diabetes, HIV/AIDS, and autoimmune disorders often presents oral manifestations. However, in prison settings, where access to healthcare is limited and challenging as a human right, individuals experience exacerbated oral health outcomes and complications. Oral health status serves as a mirror of overall health, highlighting the interconnectedness between oral health and general well-being. The involvement of health authorities in prison settings plays a significant role in promoting and maintaining optimal oral health, which in turn has a profound impact on the physical and mental health of PLP. The World Health Organization's Oral Health Report of 2022 emphasizes the importance of addressing oral health inequalities as a crucial step in achieving fairness and implementing preventive interventions. Therefore, coherent and comprehensive regulation and legislation in oral health are needed to achieve social justice, ethical public health policies and professional practice. This study used a combination of methods with a focus on qualitative research. The first phase involved following the guidelines set out in “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA)” to conduct a comprehensive and systematic scoping review addressing the primary and secondary objectives of the study. The third objective was covered by semi structured interviews involving purposive sampling, identified by three target groups: dentist personnel working in prisons; prison health experts; harm reduction policymakers, to gain insight from global prison health experts on potential areas of improvement for oral health in prison. In the first phase of this study, scientific articles published between January and August 2022 were gathered and reviewed. Subsequently, in 2023, a series of interviews were conducted involving fifteen participants. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Ruprecht Karls Faculty of Medicine in Heidelberg (S 288/2023). The data collection instrument was carefully designed to accommodate the specific profiles of the participants, all owing for necessary adjustments to ensure the relevance and effectiveness of the study. Online in depth semi structured interviews were conducted via Zoom with relevant health prison experts. The combination of inductive and deductive approaches was used to design the study, collect and analyze data, and answer the research questions. The major findings of this study shed light on the persistent neglection of oral health into the health systems across different settings. Challenges and limitations in addressing oral health in prison, remains with a focus on the provision of emergency treatments and dental mutilations as services provided instead of conservatives approaches. Comprehensive and specialized dental care is necessary to avoid burdens on the health system, mostly from preventable oral disorders. Oral care and basic dental hygiene are still on the list of necessities in prison settings, as well as lack of resources, committed staff, and infrastructure to support the delivery of comprehensive dental services in prisons. In order to increase access to quality dental care, address oral health disparities, and promote the overall well-being of PLP, policy reforms, capacity building, and collaboration are necessary.

Este es un texto en el que se describen las opciones laborales y profesionales del odontólogo, las cuales le permiten vincularse a la vida de un país, no sólo como profesional sino como ser integral y ciudadano. La gran mayoría de los odontólogos son personas que tuvieron o tienen cualidades, condiciones y calidades integrales que se les cercenan, o ellos mismos las eliminan, durante su formación y ejercicio profesional, por lo que lo prioritario, y a veces casi único en su vida, es el ejercicio de su profesión, y eso les impide participar en los avances científicos y en la vida de un país o...