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Imagen de apoyo de  Assessment, analysis and improvement of the energy demand in the actively controlled storage facility from the national museum of Scotland

Assessment, analysis and improvement of the energy demand in the actively controlled storage facility from the national museum of Scotland

Por: Piedad Rocío Mora Quintero | Fecha: 2015

The building sector plays a significant role regarding CO2 generation in the UK, accounting for 37%. Efforts have been oriented to lower the energy consumption by increasing the efficiency of conditioning systems and by integrating smart designs that lower the energy requirements. The newest storage facility from NMS was designed to use energy efficiently to provide the necessary environmental conditions to approximately 10 million items with specific climate conditions. However, the designers are interested to know how the building is performing and how the energy usage could be lowered. In this report, an assessment of this distinctive building with a dual nature of a storage facility coexisting with a research workplace is conducted. Initially, it was unforeseen how much energy had been used by each piece of equipment; given the type of data recorded, the assessment is performed in a detailed fashion to provide the figures that could help to make decisions to modify the energy usage. Additionally, even though the building was designed using efficient equipment, with air-tightness that was classified as better than typical and a good isolated envelop, opportunities were still found to improve even more its operative functions and hence to reduce the annual cost of energy and the CO2 emissions generation. The results show how to reduce the energy consumption at practically zero cost by making more flexible the temperature settings and by modifying the control strategy, resulting mainly in savings up to 35% in gas consumption. Another potential solution is provided by calculating the energy that a PV array could harvest. Two other recommendations that cannot be implemented are assessed. More elaborated strategies can be analysed and implemented when environmental-friendly buildings are designed. 
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis
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Assessment, analysis and improvement of the energy demand in the actively controlled storage facility from the national museum of Scotland

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Imagen de apoyo de  Characterization of flow in the transition area of laminar and turbulent state = Caracterización del flujo en el área de transición entre estado laminar y turbulento

Characterization of flow in the transition area of laminar and turbulent state = Caracterización del flujo en el área de transición entre estado laminar y turbulento

Por: Juliana Andrea Bello Sierra | Fecha: 2012

In this master thesis were characterized two highly porous media and a conduit in sandstone with special focus in the transition region between the laminar and turbulent states. As porous media were used glass beads and coarse sand of similar size, 2 and 1.9 mm respectively; for the laboratory work was used a setup where was possible to control the discharge and was measured the hydraulic head. Laminar flow ceases at Reynolds number of 0.25 in glass beads and 0.21 in coarse sand. The flow follows the same pathway between laminar and transitional, without regard if the velocity was increasing or decreasing. A conduit of 5 mm diameter was drilled in a fragment of sandstone for the experiments. The discharge and head losses through the conduit were measured. It was possible to establish two critical Reynolds values, 365 and 3060, for the state change between laminar to transitional and transitional to turbulent. A hysteretic behavior was observed when the flow switches between laminar and transitional. All the results were modeled using the Conduit Flow Process Mode 2 and compared with the experimental data. For porous media there is not a good agreement between the outputs of the model and the measured data.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis
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Characterization of flow in the transition area of laminar and turbulent state = Caracterización del flujo en el área de transición entre estado laminar y turbulento

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Imagen de apoyo de  Impact of the pump systems availability in the plant maintenance: model development

Impact of the pump systems availability in the plant maintenance: model development

Por: Juan José Hernández Bello | Fecha: 2006

The present work aims to describe and analyse the influence of the reliability and maintainability of the pump systems on the overall plant availability. The study was developed into an aliphatic solvent plant situated in Colombia and owned by the state company Ecopetrol S.A. This plant is composed of six pump systems, each one of them with parallel redundancy, working in series. The first step during the process was the identification of the dominant failure modes for these pump systems according to historical maintenance information collected during the last nine years and recorded in the CMMS of the company. For these dominant failure modes a Weibull analysis was carried out in order to determine the main parameters of the failure probability distribution function and, in this way, to build a mathematical model useful for predictions of future failures. Additionally, a maintainability model was developed based on the current repair process capability of the work shop employed by the company. By employing reliability block diagrams the reliability dependencies between components, items, units, and systems were taking into account. A general model for the whole plant unit was built and several simulations were performed using Monte Carlo techniques. The simulation results were helpful to identify the more sensitive elements for the overall plant availability and suggest some maintenance and operational actions in order to reduce plant downtime and maintenance costs.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis
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Impact of the pump systems availability in the plant maintenance: model development

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Imagen de apoyo de  Urban River Restoration in Colombia – viewed as whole in order to reduce hydraulic risk and pollution = Restauración de rios urbanos en Colombia – visión de conjunto para disminuir el riesgo hidráulico y la contaminación

Urban River Restoration in Colombia – viewed as whole in order to reduce hydraulic risk and pollution = Restauración de rios urbanos en Colombia – visión de conjunto para disminuir el riesgo hidráulico y la contaminación

Por: Freddy Leonardo Franco Idarraga | Fecha: 2011

Colombia is a privileged country with the amount of water it has, but due to the inadequate conjunction between hydric wealth and land use, we have lived in continuous tragedy, spending huge resources on ongoing reconstructions and helping the floods and landslides victims. However, floods are natural events, in many cases exacerbated by men’s actions over the territory; events to which no country is exempted, but with consequences that vary according to the characteristics of the duo people-territory and its relationships with the water bodies. This document, offers a review of the characteristics and criteria that define a river in good ecological status, and the anthropic pressures, with its impacts and effects over the water courses, deepening into the hydraulic risk, water quality and the disturbance of the natural environments. Continue presenting the “River Restoration” as a new form of river management, reasoning about the Colombian hydric problems, making emphasis on the pollution problems and disasters related to water; and suggesting solutions from the River Restoration perspective for some specific urban cases and linking this new fluvial hydraulic with the “National Police for Integral Management of the Hydric Resource”.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis
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Urban River Restoration in Colombia – viewed as whole in order to reduce hydraulic risk and pollution = Restauración de rios urbanos en Colombia – visión de conjunto para disminuir el riesgo hidráulico y la contaminación

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Imagen de apoyo de  Stereophonic recording angle and angular distortion: a closer look into stereo microphone techniques = Ángulo de grabación estereofónica y distorsión angular: una mirada cercana a las técnicas de microfonía estereofónicas

Stereophonic recording angle and angular distortion: a closer look into stereo microphone techniques = Ángulo de grabación estereofónica y distorsión angular: una mirada cercana a las técnicas de microfonía estereofónicas

Por: María Elisa Ayerbe Barona | Fecha: 2015

This thesis examines my theoretical research and practical experimentation performed over a period of 10 months concerning stereophonic recording arrays and the effect of Stereophonic Recording Angle (SRA) and Angular Distortion (AD), based on Williams’ research. In essence, the objective of this personal experience is to serve as a guide for any recording engineer or audio student interested in taking a closer look into stereophonic microphone arrays and its relation to the recorded stereo image. The emphasis made on the study of Stereophonic Recording Angle and Angular Distortion will provide the reader with the necessar information in order to decide which stereo microphone combination will provide the best result for any given recording situation. The research portion of this paper delivers a comprehensive approach to the fundamental physics and psychoacoustics involved in the recording and reproduction of stereophonic microphone techniques and how they relate to SRA and AD. Furthermore, the sections of analysis of the recording exercises and final recordings describe the methodology and results of hours of recorded rehearsals with several acoustic music ensembles at Middle Tennessee State University. 
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis
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Stereophonic recording angle and angular distortion: a closer look into stereo microphone techniques = Ángulo de grabación estereofónica y distorsión angular: una mirada cercana a las técnicas de microfonía estereofónicas

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Imagen de apoyo de  Data analysis of electric energy consumption in Monash University = Analisis de datos del consumo eléctrico en la Universidad Monash

Data analysis of electric energy consumption in Monash University = Analisis de datos del consumo eléctrico en la Universidad Monash

Por: David Herrera Aristizábal | Fecha: 2016

This study presents an analysis on data from multiple power meters across Monash University in Australia. Special emphasis is made on the methodology to fill the missing values and fix the wrong data. Different techniques were used to analyse the data: visual analytics, k-means clustering and principal component analysis. Este estudio presenta un analisis de datos provenientes de multiples medidores de consumo eletrico en la Universidad Monash en Australia. Se hace especial enfasis en la metodologia para llenar los datos faltantes y depurar los existentes. Ademas de “visual analytics” se usaron diversas tecnicas, entre ellas: “principal component analysis” y “k-means clustering”.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis
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Data analysis of electric energy consumption in Monash University = Analisis de datos del consumo eléctrico en la Universidad Monash

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Los aisladores eléctricos y los postes o torres de líneas eléctricas

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Imagen de apoyo de  Coping with flood. Design solutions for integrated flood risk management in Bogota, Colombia / Cómo hacer frente a la inundación. Soluciones de diseño para la gestión integrada de riesgo por inundación en Bogotá, Colombia

Coping with flood. Design solutions for integrated flood risk management in Bogota, Colombia / Cómo hacer frente a la inundación. Soluciones de diseño para la gestión integrada de riesgo por inundación en Bogotá, Colombia

Por: Jonathan Hernández López | Fecha: 2016

The flood event is a problem that may affect drastically any settlement and can bring dramatic consequences, especially when it is not considered as one of the urbanization dynamics. It is important to reduce floods with measures that can be as simple as self‐preparedness, as well as an integrated long‐term plan. Hence, it is essential to avoid loss of lives taking preventive measures and building a resilience perspective into the population. The present document describes the main concepts that should be taken into consideration to understand the flood risk. Consequently, analyses the current flood risk in Bogota, Colombia and seeks to determine the zones where vulnerable settlements overlay flood hazard areas. Finally, it is examined how flood risk management can be targeted to reduce the risk level and how can the design solutions help to prevent and manage the flood problem within the city. Resumen La inundación es un problema que puede afectar drásticamente cualquier asentamiento y puede traer severas consecuencias, especialmente cuando no se considera como una de las dinámicas de la urbanización. Es importante reducir las inundaciones con medidas que pueden ser tan simples como el autoaprendizaje, así como un plan integrado a largo plazo. Por lo tanto, es esencial evitar la pérdida de vidas tomando medidas preventivas y construyendo una perspectiva de resiliencia en la población. El presente documento describe los conceptos principales que deben tomarse en consideración para comprender el riesgo de inundación. En consecuencia, analiza el riesgo de inundación actual en Bogotá, Colombia y busca determinar las zonas donde los asentamientos vulnerables se sobreponen a las áreas en peligro de inundación. Finalmente, se examina cómo la gestión del riesgo de inundación puede orientarse para reducir sus niveles y cómo las soluciones de diseño pueden ayudar a prevenir y gestionar el problema de inundación dentro de la ciudad.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis
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Coping with flood. Design solutions for integrated flood risk management in Bogota, Colombia / Cómo hacer frente a la inundación. Soluciones de diseño para la gestión integrada de riesgo por inundación en Bogotá, Colombia

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Norma andina para el control, comercialización y uso de productos veterinarios.

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Imagen de apoyo de  Velamos por la sanidad agropecuaria del país: ¡he aquí nuestros servicios!

Velamos por la sanidad agropecuaria del país: ¡he aquí nuestros servicios!

Por: | Fecha: 2018

Se hace una revisión de los servicios que presta el Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario, ICA, al sector agropecuario, en relación con la protección vegetal, la sanidad animal y el control de la calidad de insumos agropecuarios y semillas. Se indica el marco institucional de la entidad, su organización y funciones y los servicios que presta. Se señala el papel que desempeñan las áreas administrativa y financiera y las oficinas asesoreas de la Gerencia General. Igualmente se destaca el cubrimiento nacional de los servicios, las sedes regionales y centros de diagnóstico
Fuente: Agrosavia Formatos de contenido: Libros
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Velamos por la sanidad agropecuaria del país: ¡he aquí nuestros servicios!

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