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Imagen de apoyo de Non Timber Forest Products In Colombia: Review Of Constraints For Effective Commercialisation = Productos Forestales no Maderables en Colombia: Revisión de los Cuellos de Botella para su Efectiva Comercialización

Por: Rodrigo Martínez | Fecha: 2004

A review of the main issues that affect the livelihoods of non timber forest products (NTFP) focusing on the commercialisation issues of gatherers/producers and traders, was made for Colombia. It aimed to investigate broadly which are some of the cultural, economic, social, environmental, marketing and legislative issues that affect the outcomes for NTFP livelihoods. The sustainable rural livelihood framework was used to understand the main issues affecting NTFP livelihoods and to propose alternatives to improve the constraints found in NTFP development and commercialisation. The study identify the great importance of NTFP local and regional markets for rural development, and some data was given for international markets in order to understand the magnitude of the commerce and the possibilities that might arise for some promissory products. The review of some institutional and organisation incentives influencing NTFP production and commercialisation was undertaken by reviewing the forestry policies and some of its instruments. The study used secondary data of reports made mainly in Latin-America. The report concludes that the policies and norms that influence NTFP, such as the forestry policy and plans do not consider the importance of NTFP for social and environmental objectives. For NTFP research, the analysis of the commercialisation process is strongly co-related to social networks, ecology, cultural taboos, norms for management of NTFP and effectiveness of support organisations. NTFP livelihoods can be seriously affected by government organisations and NGO’s if they are treated as traditional commodities because of the fragility and uniqueness of their ecology, economy and social structures. The report gives some recommendations to government agencies and researchers that wish to mend the constraints found for NTFP successful development.

Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis

Temas:
Otros
Ciencias sociales

Imagen de apoyo de The challenges of legal transplants in a globalized context: A case study on ‘working’ examples = Los desafíos de los trasplantes legales en un contexto globalizado: Estudio de casos positivos

Por: María Paula Reyes Gaitán | Fecha: 2014

Globalization has led legal systems to influence each other throughout history and legal transplants have not been immune to that process either. Nowadays we do not just see examples of legal transplants but come across cases of 'cross-fertilization' of case law. An emergence of unstudied trends that have spread around the world in a voluntary and involuntary way across legal cultures can also be witnessed. However it seems that legal transplants have been largely misunderstood and have been condemned as mere copy-paste exercises due to their history. This paper studies the different theories of legal transplants in comparative law and also analyses some particular cases that have eventually ‘worked’ efficiently both in the country of origin and in the country where those laws were adopted. We can no longer say that legal transplants are impossible; they are a reality we cannot run away from. Amongst the many challenges faced by this phenomenon, the primary one is to overcome all the obstacles imposed by a ‘legal globalization’ that is threatening developing countries by focusing more on the liberalization of markets, rather than on policies supporting social welfare. Despite this fact, there is still hope for a new concept of ‘legal globalization’, one that includes executing a serious study of the trends that not only developing countries are in need of, but also is a need of the developed countries, which is the adoption of policies towards social welfare, one of the biggest challenges that face modern legal comparatists today.

Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis

Temas:
Otros
Ciencias sociales

Imagen de apoyo de Performance management for sustainability-oriented innovation = Gestión del desempeño para la innovación orientada a la sostenibilidad

Por: Pablo Emilio Fergusson Talero | Fecha: 2014

Sustainability-oriented innovation (SOI), which is innovation directed at improving social, environmental, and economic conditions, is being studied and used as a way to address the risks and opportunities organisations have in these three areas. This research explores the use of Performance Management (PM), meaning the strategy and processes used in organisations to define and improve performance, as a way to develop SOI capabilities in companies. The conceptual model used is based around four concepts: SOI, which describes what is to be achieved, organisations, or learning organisations, as the place where this can happen, PM, which explains how this can be accomplished, and individuals and teams as the central subject that describe who is this targeted for. The research was based on a literature review around these areas and a set of semi-structured interviews to managers and senior directors of large multinational organisations with innovation or sustainability related roles. Through the analysis and interpretation of this data, the results validated the effectiveness of PM to improve SOI in organisations, as well as uncovering six specific opportunity areas to leverage it more effectively. The latter are summarised as: purpose or vision offering direction, values that enable autonomy and celebrate trying, daring and shared goals, resources committed for the long run, sustainability literacy, and enabling business processes. The research contributes to the literature by outlining pathways to connect sustainability practices with other business practices, especially Human Resources, the area of study of PM. Additionally, it contributes to the practice of SOI by providing guidelines to identify and act on potential areas of opportunities to leverage on PM to develop SOI capabilities.

Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis

Temas:
Otros
Ciencias sociales

Imagen de apoyo de Food price surge : household welfare impacts in urban Colombia

Por: Laura Kiku Rodríguez Takeuchi | Fecha: 2011

From 2006 to 2008 the world was hit by major food price increases. The effects of these were felt worldwide and have been studied in several countries. The objective of this dissertation is to assess the specific impacts on urban households in Colombia and to quantify their welfare losses as well as the aggregate city poverty increases. Using total expenditures as a measure of household welfare, the study employs household survey information combined with disaggregated price data for the 13 main capital cities and 13 basic food commodities to address the proposed objectives. The analysis starts with the nominal adjustment of the poverty line caused by the increase in the basic consumption basket and then simulates short and medium term impacts of the price surge. These are measured in terms of monetary expenditure at the household level and using poverty headcount rate and poverty gap indicators at the aggregate level. The medium term increase in poverty is around 3%, both in the extreme and overall cases. However sub-national results vary significantly from these averages, being Barranquilla the city most affected. In addition, households with lower initial welfare and educational level, as well as female headed ones seem to be hit the hardest. These results could be applied to develop more efficiently targeted programmes directed to protect household entitlements towards a food price crisis. They could also be used to establish benefit levels or expansion directions of existing conditional cash transfer programmes that intend to improve nutritional and poverty conditions in Colombia. Finally the results become even more relevant considering the likely recurrence of events like these in the near future.

Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis

Temas:
Otros
Ciencias sociales

Imagen de apoyo de The emergence of the dutch social enterprise: opportunities for international development cooperation = El surgimiento de la empresa social holandesa: oportunidades para la cooperación internacional al desarrollo

Por: Daniel Gómez González | Fecha: 2012

The international development arena has been transformed in the last two decades. On the one hand, NGOs have become more market oriented, both in terms of their business models and in terms of their approach. On the other hand, private actors have also become more socially engaged, and advances in technology and communications have brought new opportunities for market sector actors to create social impacts. The result has been an increasing trend of social enterprises (SEs), hybrid organisations created for a social purpose but participating actively in the market for their subsistence. This paper examines the differences between traditional NGOs, funded mainly by government grants and donations, and these new actors that rely primarily on market-based income. Furthermore, this study tries to examine how Dutch NGOs and SEs are creating links between activities focused on market building and actual participation in markets, a challenge that Helmsing and Knorringa identified in 2008. To do this, 21 SEs were interviewed and another 16 NGOs were studied on the basis of interviews (5) and their annual reports, strategy papers and official websites. We find that there are three ways in which NGOs and SEs are successfully “bridging the gap” between market building and market participation: i) through official partnerships, ii) individually by tapping market and non-market sources of funding, using new technologies and leveraging from new forms of private philanthropy, and iii) by selling specialized “market building” services that guarantee an active participation of the private sector. Furthermore, the ability of SEs to engage in market building activities and of NGOs to participate in the market depends largely on their origins and the business models and financial strategies that they adopt.

Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis

Temas:
Otros
Ciencias sociales

Imagen de apoyo de Defensa de Pastor i Meliton Pinilla ante el jurado

Por: Zenón; Baraya Salas | Fecha: 1872

Compilación de argumentos que Zenón Salas, José María Baraya y Adolfo Amador presentaron ante los jurados en defensa de Pastor y Melintón Pinilla, procesados por homicidio. El documento conserva la ortografía de la época.

Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Libros

Temas:
Otros
Ciencias sociales

Imagen de apoyo de Alegato en 1a. instancia del apoderado de Tulio Ospina y observaciones al Dr. Luis Eduardo Villegas

Por: Rafael Navarro y Euse | Fecha: 1905

Documento que compila varios prununciamientos respecto al pleito que existe entre la Western Andes Mining Company Limited y la Sociedad Ospina Hermanos. A lo largo del documento, el abogado defensor de Tulio Ospina, menciona las irregularidades que existen respecto a la compra y arrendamiento de unas minas de Marmato.

Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Libros

Temas:
Otros
Ciencias sociales

Imagen de apoyo de Memorias sobre los acontecimientos del Sur de la Nueva Granada

Por: Ramón Mercado | Fecha: 1855

Documento en el que se narran varios acontecimientos a partir de los cuales se hizo manifiesta la necesidad de la libertad de los pueblos del sur de la Nueva Granada, especialmente en Buenaventura, durante 1849. El documento conserva la ortografía de la época.

Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Libros

Temas:
Otros
Ciencias sociales

Imagen de apoyo de Mensaje del Libertador Presidente de la República de Colombia a la Gran Convención en el año de 1828

Por: Simón Bolívar | Fecha: 1828

Impreso que reproduce las palabras con las que Simón Bolívar se dirigió a los miembros del legislativo nacional, con el fin de ofrecer un panorama general de la situación y los problemas políticos y militares de la nación durante 1828.

Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Libros

Temas:
Otros
Ciencias sociales

Imagen de apoyo de Litigio de Puerto Wilches

Por: Vicente Olarte Camacho | Fecha: 1915

Documento en el que Vicente Olarte ofrece su opinión y la solución que, desde su punto de vista, puede darse al problema del litigio entablado entre The Great Northern Central Railway of Colombia Limited y el Gobierno de Colombia, por el incumplimiento de los contratos para la construcción del ferrocarril de Puerto Wilches. A lo largo del documento se discute el tema de la liquidación de la compañía, la caducidad del contrato y la continuación de trabajos. Al final se anexan varios documentos relacionados con las partes litigantes.

Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Libros

Temas:
Otros
Ciencias sociales