La reintegración a la vida civil de las personas que se han desmovilizado de los GAOML está mediada por la necesidad que tiene esta población de generar ingresos económicos por la vía del emprendimiento o por la vía de la empleabilidad. En este contexto, la reintegración económica toma una gran relevancia pues asegura el desarrollo de una vida digna y se constituye en un factor que evita la reincidencia. En la presente obra, se analiza cómo es el proceso de reintegración en Colombia y cuáles son las estadísticas en esta materia. También se estudia un caso empresarial que permite comprender de qué...

La crisis monetaria de 1937 ocasionó serios problemas en las poblaciones españolas. A nivel comercial las dos consecuencias más graves del hecho fueron la pérdida del poder adquisitivo del numerario republicano y la desaparición de la moneda fraccionaria. Este estudio plantea por primera vez una reflexión general en torno a las causas, evolución y consecuencias de la crisis para luego analizarla pormenorizadamente en la provincia de Alicante.

Impreso en el que se defiende la gestión administrativa del Banco de Bogotá y se invita a las personas a que hagan uso de sus servicios. En el documento se adjuntan dos demostraciones con el fin de respaldar la idea del accionista que firma el documento.

This paper discusses risk management tools for unemployment risk in Colombia and the necessity to implement an extensive social insurance program for this exposure. Particularly, it analyzes the determinants for the use of severance payments in low-income households to decrease vulnerability in spells of unemployment sells. Using the 2011 GEIH survey I found that only a small percentage of the low-income households use the severance payments with this purpose. Moreover, through a Heteroskedastic Probit methodology, I show that the determinants for the use of severance payments to deal with unemployment risk are: household income, financial literacy, indefinite formal labor contracts, length of employment spells, public service and household size. From the results, two public policy recommendations arise: i) severance payments are not used in the desired way suggesting a different scheme that should be implemented; ii) financial education is crucial to reduce vulnerability through optimal risk management.

Given the large drop in the US monetary policy interest rate during the past decade, a significative spillover effect was reflected over Colombia as it had to lower its own policy rate considerably to avoid a further currency appreciation. Its impact on the real exchange rate misalignment is assessed using a Vector Error Correction Model with fundamentals such as the real interest rates differential, net foreign assets, terms of trade, the Balassa Samuelson effect, which reflects the productivity growth differential and the government expenditure employing quarterly data. In order to contrast the importance of this effect two periods were analyzed, one from 1996q1 to 2005q4 and another from 2006q1 to 2014q4. Results show that although the impact of the real interest rate differential does not have a large contribution to the determination of the real exchange rate it has changed its effect sign and now seems to explain a larger proportion of the forecast error variance in longer horizons. Other fundamentals, such as the net foreign assets, the terms of trade and the Balassa Samuelson effect are found to be key determinants for the long run equilibrium.

Este trabajo evalu?a y contrasta la rentabilidad observada del portafolio de mercado respecto a la que se obtendri?a mediante un modelo de optimizacio?n que maximiza el ratio de Sharpe, usando retornos diarios del mercado bursa?til colombiano. A partir de lo anterior, se obtienen 12 portafolios semestrales recomen- dados para el periodo 2007-2012 que se comparan con los valores reales del I?ndice de la Bolsa de Valores de Colombia. Los resultados alcanzados evidencian la efectividad del modelo formulado y la no eficiencia del portafolio demercado observado, todavez que sus recomendaciones demuestran un desempeño superior al del mercado. Los aportes de este estudio apuntan hacia el potencial de profundizacio?n de su ana?lisis para otros escenarios y en la eventual posibilidad de adopcio?n del modelo en decisiones reales de inversio?n.

Documento presentado por los apoderados de los acreedores extranjeros al Congreso de Colombia, en el que se manifiestan respecto a las distintas dificultades que existen para que la Nueva Granada pueda pagar la deuda externa.

Conjunto de argumentos a partir de los cuales se busca aclarar el estado de la legislación sobre los tratados de Colombia con Venezuela en 1834. A lo largo del documento, que conserva la ortografía de la época, se explican los aspectos constitucionales en materia de relaciones internacionales que legislan el repartimento de la deuda externa, así como el nombramiento de representantes de cada uno de los paises involucrados.

Documento en el que Santiago Pérez Triana manifiesta al presidente Carlos Eduardo Restrepo, sus impresiones sobre las deudas que ha adquirido el Estado colombiano en los últimos años. A lo largo del documento se habla de la importancia de la unificación de deudas, en especial las colombianas, con el fin de obtener mejoras en la economía nacional. Al final se adjuntan varios documentos con listas de valores y títulos oficiales del gobierno, que sirvieron como insumo para que Pérez Triana realizara sus apreciaciones.

My dissertation proposes new ways to study decisions in the housing market with structural models that deliver a consistent connection between house values and rents, incorporating investment and consumption motives for housing consumption, and allowing for preference heterogeneity. The models also take into account the difficulty of measuring complete housing quality in estimation by treating it as latent. The dissertation includes applications where I analyze issues like the size of agglomeration benefits of larger cities (New York City vs Chicago), and the dynamics of rent and prices as a reaction to household financial and demographic conditions during the re- cent housing crisis (in Miami). I find that New York has relatively lower qualities of housing and higher prices than Chicago, which implies positive compensating variations required by households moving from the latter to the former; and that there was a disconnect between the rent and ownership markets that suggest that the crisis mainly affected the asset and not the real market, respectively. Also, I find that heterogeneity in tastes plays an important role in the behavior of households in the housing market. I also present models that introduce heterogeneity in tastes to analyze the interaction between households with different demographics. Going beyond a single type of household presents additional challenges for estimation and identification that are addressed. I define types as households with and without children, and asses the effect of the presence of children on how sensitive households are to changes in the market. I obtain the robust result that the presence of children reduces the sensitivity of demand for housing quality to changes in the market. Additionally, I also use machine learning clustering methods to categorize house- holds into different demographic types based on age, number of children and expenditure in the housing market. With these types, I per- form analyses that contrast the implied demands for housing quality in the different obtained clusters. The methods developed in the different chapters are of interest to policy makers and agents who want to follow the evolution of rental rates and prices at different levels of the quality distribution, as well as for those interested in making welfare evaluations of policies that affect local housing markets differently for households with different demographics. Also, they give insight on agglomeration benefits of larger cities and compensations required when moving a household from one area to another.