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Por: Juan Seabstián Vega Rodríguez | Fecha: 2020

El objeto de la presente investigación es analizar y sistematizar las etapas que conforman el procedimiento legislativo en Colombia, a través del examen de los principios y de las reglas contenidas en las disposiciones constitucionales y orgánicas, así como del estudio de la jurisprudencia de las altas cortes en la cual se ha fijado el alcance de las mismas. Así pues, el propósito de la investigación se circunscribe a determinar cuáles son las exigencias procedimentales que deben cumplir los parlamentarios para expedir válidamente las leyes, esto es, para que al ser confrontado su procedimiento de elaboración con los requerimientos establecidos para el efecto en el ordenamiento superior, no sean halladas viciadas por la Corte Constitucional debido a errores en su trámite de confección. En este sentido, la tesis que se sostiene es que con la creación de la Corte Constitucional en la Carta de 1991, como un tribunal especializado para el control de la forma en el que se elaboran las leyes, el entendimiento de las normas que contemplan las exigencias para adelantar válidamente el trámite legislativo se ha tecnificado.

Fuente: Universidad Externado de Colombia Formatos de contenido: Otros

Temas:
Otros

Por: Karen Mariana Lascano De Caro | Fecha: 2020

Through the republican history of Colombia, state confessionalism prevailed in favor of the Catholic Church, as part of the sociocultural lag of the Spanish colonialism. The independence struggles and then the ideological ones , fostered, supported or influenced to some extent by the clergy, coupled with European social struggles, allowed the right to believe and to freely profess a belief to be opened in the legal system. From the change of the constitutional paradigm on the aconfessionality of the Colombian State, the rights to religious , cults and consciences freedom, were constitutionalized, and the Constitutional Court developed the principie of state neutrality by the jurisprudence, which has allowed to regulate the relations between the State and the different faiths and religious entities. In this context, Colombia defines and recognizes itself as a lay state, but what kind of laicism? The present work seeks to elucidate which is the prevailing approach in national jurisprudence and from there which is the outlook for the exercise of the right to religious freedom.

Fuente: Universidad Externado de Colombia Formatos de contenido: Otros

Temas:
Otros
Religión

Por: July Catherine Gaitán Ramírez | Fecha: 2020

In the first place, this research intends to delimit the internal and international regulatory framework in this area and, in this way, become a useful tool to advance the enormous challenge that implies the exercise of the fundamental right to abortion. Secondly, in a context marked by a medicalized and criminal vision of abortion, this research aims to show that talking about abortion does not only mean referring to a medical procedure or a crime, but also to a human rights issue, which implies talking about human dignity, physical and mental integrity and autonomy of women, girls and adolescents. To meet these objectives, the study is based on a review of the main international human rights standards that favor the recognition, protection and guarantee of sexual and reproductive rights and, in particular, access to abortion. Likewise, the investigation shows how Colombian constitutional jurisprudence has made use of these standards, how it has incorporated them into domestic law and how, even, it has exceeded them.

Fuente: Universidad Externado de Colombia Formatos de contenido: Otros

Temas:
Otros

Por: John Fredy Echeverri Gallego | Fecha: 2020

Research is fa~used on a case study: the controversy raised between the American company Hupecol Operating Co. Lle. against the National Authority of environmental licenses (ANLA) and the Corporation to the sustainable development of special handling area La Macarena (CORMACARENA), according to the revocation of the environmental license that was granted to the project "Serranía Exploratory drilling interest area", located in the jurisdiction of the municipalities of La Macarena and San Vicente del Caguán", once it started by the local authority the "Integral Management plan far the Sector "Río Losada" - "Caño Perdido", located in the recuperation zone far the production south of the integrated management district "DMI" Ariari-Guayabero of the ANEM, department of Meta. In this, it warns clearly the macroeconomics consequences that would entail to Colombia, to be compelled to respond on stages of international controversies resolutions, because of setting up an international illicit fact, far affecting the transnationals direct investments, according to the farmulation and implementation of public politics of environmentai"protection, considering that the Colombian State acquired international commitments that guarantee the investment and limit its sovereignty.

Fuente: Universidad Externado de Colombia Formatos de contenido: Otros

Temas:
Otros

Por: Eudith Milady Baene Angarita | Fecha: 2020

The motivation of the judicial sentences is an institution through which a State is legitimized through its judges, and in Colombia it is part of the right to due process. Although it seems to have a clear and general concept, there is no clear consensus on the doctrine, law and jurisprudence on it However, it is mostly pointed out that the motivation corresponds to the correct justification of the decision. Now, in Colombia there is the possibility of resorting to the actior of guardianship to challenge judicial decisions for undue motivation of the sentences, therefore it was necessary to make this study to establish through a doctrinal study of the concept of motivation, its application in the jurisprudence that resolves guardianships against judicial orders. This review shows that not only can the motivation for justification be valid, but it must be reasoned, rational and based on logic and legal argumentation, which allows for an epistemic process of the decision structure.

Fuente: Universidad Externado de Colombia Formatos de contenido: Otros

Temas:
Otros

Por: Mariluz Pulido Daza | Fecha: 2020

The General Code of the Process, applicable to the processes known by the Ordinary Jurisdiction in civil, commercial, family and agricultural matters, contemplated the use of information and communication technologies, data messages and e-mail in the procedural action. lt also established the legal basis for the implementation of the judicial file and the electronic judicial process in Colombia. Taking into account that context and from the collection and analysis of different standards, doctrine, jurisprudence, diagnoses, reports, etc., related to the implementation of orality, as well as with the modernization and improvement of the quality of the administration service of justice, the investigation was oriented to determine the applicability of the data message and email in the procedural action as well as the progress made in the implementation of new technologies in judicial activity. As a result, it established that the data message is a computer tool whose application takes place through different data bases, systems, platforms, etc., which have been gradually implemented according to the availabi lity of the necessary technical conditions, and of which, only sorne are currently in operation.

Fuente: Universidad Externado de Colombia Formatos de contenido: Otros

Temas:
Otros

Por: Patricia del Carmen Peralta Benítez | Fecha: 2020

En Colombia, los cambios en el sistema climático nos llevan a períodos de lluvias intensas y largas sequías, que desatan la fuerza de la naturaleza impactando la vida y estabilidad de los ecosistemas. Colombia por su ubicación geográfica, sus características físicas, socioeconómicas, su diversidad y porque la mayor parte de su población se encuentra asentada en suelos inestables e inundables, es altamente vulnerable a estos cambios. La industria aseguradora colombiana se ha visto afectada por el aumento de la frecuencia y severidad de eventos que pueden ser atribuidos al cambio climático, afrontando el pago de indemnizaciones por eventos catastróficos en los últimos 50 años. Sin embargo, las pérdidas pagadas son bajas con respecto a la magnitud de las tragedias, porque la cultura aseguradora y por ende los índices de penetración y masificación de los seguros son tan pequeños, que no se han visto impactadas sus finanzas y sus resultados. Las pérdidas han sido asumidas por la población afectada, con recursos propios, teniendo que recurrir a endeudamiento, disminución de dineros destinados a la alimentación, educación, entretenimiento o ahorros y de los contribuyentes, de los cuales el gobierno paga los costos de reconstrucción e indemnización sufridas a las personas e industrias afectadas.

Fuente: Universidad Externado de Colombia Formatos de contenido: Otros

Temas:
Otros

Por: María del Carmen Celis Galván | Fecha: 2020

A través de una revisión crítica de la literatura se busca contestar la pregunta ¿Por qué y cómo el concepto de gobernanza puede ser aplicado a la gestión de riesgos asociados a la investigación científica, la tecnología y la innovación?, y los criterios en base a los cuales se realizó la investigación fueron: i) los principios que deben regir la producción científica y la gestión de sus riegos: ii) las razones por las cuales se considera que la participación pública es importante en la producción científica y la gestión de sus riesgos; iii) Cuando y como debe darse esa participación y iv) Cual debe ser el papel del experto. Bajo estos criterios se identifican tres modelos que si bien no están claramente delimitados en la literatura, tienen rasgos distintivos que permiten su diferenciación: Los Estudios sobre Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad, la Ciencia posnormal y la Investigación e Innovación Responsable.

Fuente: Universidad Externado de Colombia Formatos de contenido: Otros

Temas:
Otros
Ciencias sociales
Tecnología

Por: Carmen Susana Arévalo Daza | Fecha: 2019

The School Feeding Program (PAE) is a state food supplement strategy that has been implemented since 1968. The main purpose of this strategy is to substantially reduce dropout rates and improve the academic development levels of children and adolescents in the education system in Colombia. The (PAE) in the department of La Guajira has been covered by a stormy and growing a mantle of doubts during the last years, this, as a result of sounded cases of corruption and misappropriation of funds, reason why the capacity of the same for salve the problems of desertion and in particular, the malnutrition suffered by children in this part of the country, especially those belonging to indigenous communities, are very limited and ineffective. One of the tools used as a mechanisrn to offer plausible and viable solutions to this problem is the systcmic analysis of risks associated with the contractual stages of the PAE in the department.

Fuente: Universidad Externado de Colombia Formatos de contenido: Otros

Temas:
Otros

Por: Andrés Eduardo Ruiz Espinel | Fecha: 2019

In Colombia, the General System of Occupational Risks shows problems related to adverse risk selection. This phenomenon represents a market failure that threatens the financial sustainability of some Labor Risk Administrators - ARLs, which are forced to insure workers characterized by low income levels (expressed in Contribution Base Income - IBC) and high accident rates. Aware of this situation, the National Government between 2014 and 2015 implemented the monetary compensation mechanism, which sought to correct this failure, which affects since its inception the occupational risk insurance. To analyze this phenomenon and assess whether the monetary compensation mechanism and other controls implemented by the National Government were and are effective, the ARL was selected as a case study, which at the cut of December 2015 concentrated the highest number of sharpeners to the branch of occupational hazards with the characteristics described above. The concentration of affiliates and companies for each ARL, by economic sector and by level of risk was analyzed. In the end, it was determined that there is still a concentration of this type of insured population (under IBC and high accident rate) in the public insurer Positiva; while private insurers have large companies and affiliates with higher levels of income. It is concluded in this way that there are not yet enough mechanisms by the State that discourage adverse risk selection and, consequently, the ‘bad’ risks continue to be concentrated in the public ARL Positiva.

Fuente: Universidad Externado de Colombia Formatos de contenido: Otros

Temas:
Otros