Este trabajo es una experiencia pedagógica que se desarrolló en la escuela Julio Garavito Armero, ubicada en la ciudad de Bogotá, localidad 16 de Puente Aranda. La intervención se llevó a cabo en segundo grado en el área de lenguaje. La experiencia se centró en utilizar el lúdica como una estrategia didáctica para fortalecer los procesos de comprensión lectora y como herramienta para generar el placer de la lectura. Para este propósito, la propuesta se basó en identificar, aplicar y evaluar estrategias lúdicas. Este trabajo también pretendió encontrar la relevancia de las estrategias lúdicas con el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje en el aula. Para obtener estos logros, este trabajo se basó en referencias teóricas de autores como (Jiménez, Pérez, Lerner, D. Lomas, Pérez y Roa, Sandoval, Solé, Díaz, Vygotsky). En este sentido, se elaboró una secuencia didáctica, dividida en ocho sesiones durante dos meses dos días a la semana. La evidencia se recogió en diarios de campo, diarios de estudiantes y reflexiones del docente, con estos instrumentos se lleva a cabo la sistematización. Los resultados permitieron concluir la relevancia de los diagnósticos para identificar las fortalezas y debilidades. Las estrategias lúdicas motivan el aprendizaje y fortalecen las prácticas pedagógicas. Para este propósito, se elaboraron algunas recomendaciones y un plan de sostenibilidad.

La propuesta pedagógica de aula se realizó con estudiantes de 1001 de la IED Nuestra Señora de la Gracia del municipio de Bojacá. Esta surge del análisis de los resultados de la prueba Saber 9 en matemáticas 2016, estudiantes con dificultad en modelar situaciones de variación, la no formulación ni resolución de problemas usando modelos geométricos, se evidencia un resultado insuficiente (MEN, 2016a). A partir de esta problemática surge como pregunta ¿Qué representaciones semióticas pueden emplear los estudiantes de grado décimo 1001 de IED Nuestra Señora de la Gracia, al momento de interpretar y dar solución a situaciones matemáticas semejantes a los triángulos oblicuángulos? El objetivo era "Diseñar una unidad didáctica orientada a fortalecer la comprensión de las diferentes representaciones semióticas para interpretar y dar solución a situaciones matemáticas semejantes a los triángulos oblicuángulos". Además, potencializa en los estudiantes la competencia interpretativa en matemáticas, a través de la implementación de las diferentes representaciones (verbal, gráfica, algebraica y material manipulable) del triángulo oblicuángulo como también fortalecer la capacidad de que el estudiante para generar situaciones problemáticas, resolver problemas y trabajar.

Work carried out within the framework of a master's degree in Education in the area of mathematics and which was developed based on a pedagogical intervention for a classroom of unitary rural school. The intervention project arose as a response to the weaknesses evidenced in the random component and to the low performance in the communication competence presented by the elementary students of the San Bartolomé unitary school. The document contains the approach of a didactic unit that points to strategies of the Escuela Nueva model for a rural context. It also describes aspects that could be strengthened in the educational center, referring to the collection and representation of data, by working on the didactic unit focused on situations in the environment in which students had to collect, organize, interpret and represent information. It is generally concluded that a unitary rural classroom, in which environmental situations are involved, incorporates the technology and makes use of the data from the collection and representation of the information, turns out to be an effective way in which the Students manage to build learning cooperatively, develop the ability to interpret reality and stimulate their mathematical discourse to communicate it.

This paper describes the analysis of the curriculum of the Pablo Herrera Educational Institution and the design and implementation of a didactic sequence in the area of natural sciences for transition degree as: significant learning strategy. It proposes a teaching strategy for learning different from the traditional, therefore teachers and students are the actors that actively participate in the development of activities, including meaningful learning that leads to the integration of new knowledge and a job active of the mediator teacher, in order to achieve in its students the development of scientific thought through inquiry and taking into account their previous knowledge.

El desarrollo de las Habilidades Básicas de Pensamiento (HBP) inicia desde la gestación y constituyen las herramientas para la comprensión y análisis de la información. El diseño y aplicación de una unidad didáctica para la enseñanza del concepto de evolución en Grado 8°, constituye una estrategia donde los estudiantes refuerzan la observación, la clasificación, la comparación y la argumentación. Instrumentos como: un pre y un post- test, una encuesta de clima de aula, los diarios de clase, el diario de campo y una rúbrica de evaluación; contribuyeron a la recolección y la sistematización de los resultados, enfocados al aprendizaje y actitudes de los estudiantes. Cabe resaltar el cambio tanto conceptual al emplear las HBP como actitudinal de los estudiantes hacia el trabajo de aula. Finalmente, la reflexión pedagógica y disciplinar fundamenta algunas conclusiones y recomendaciones.

Background Retinopathy of prematurity is the major cause of blindness in children in Colombia. This cause of childhood blindness is irreversible when stablished, but 100% preventable with the adequate strategies put in place. This raises important questions concerning strategies to reduce the incidence of blindness as a result of ROP, which should ensure that all infants who are at risk of blinding ROP are examined in screening programmes. Aim The aim was to collect data in the neonatal intensive care units. This was used to evaluate the existing human and material resources for preventing, screening and treating ROP and rehabilitation of children suffering from ROP. The data helped to do an analysis of gaps in the service and allowed to present a proposal for a programme to prevent blindness due to ROP in the cities of Manizales, Pereira and Armenia, Colombia. Methods 7 NICUs were visited in the three cities. The study collected quantitative data on neonatal intensive care units, admission and survival of premature babies during 2010, human resources and infrastructure and data on knowledge of the Colombian guidelines on ROP. Results The survival rates vary according to the provider. They are higher in the private sector, and lower in the public sector. Overall, the available data allowed us to estimate that there are approximately 45,000 births per year (2010) in the region (95% occur in hospital) and 1.8% of all the births are less than 2,000g. Therefore, in the region, 810 babies per year weighing less than 2,000g are at risk of developing any type of ROP. The number of places, ventilators and monitors is sufficient. Staffing is adequate in the private NICUs, with a shortage of neonatologists in the public NICUs. The number of nurses monitoring babies is universally adequate, but the lack of knowledge in controlling risk factors of developing ROP such as monitoring oxygen in a constraint. An ROP screening programme is not available in public NICUs and in some of the mixed providers. The Kangaroo Mother programme lack of screening for ROP. Conclusions The unstable health system has allowed (i) unsustainable NICUs and programmes for ROP (ii) If available, programmes running without being monitored or evaluated, and, (iii) no screening in public and some mixed NICUs in Manizales, Pereira and Armenia. (iv) no screening for ROP in the Kangaroo Mother Programe As access and survival rates improve in the NICUS of these cities, ROP is likely to continue to be a significant cause of blindness in the region, despite the progress that has been achieved with the 2010 Colombian guidelines for screening and treating ROP. Recommendations The results suggest that the prevention of blinding ROP is a complex task in Colombia that requires concomitant strategies to be put in place: Firstly, national policies in screening for ROP and oxygen delivery for the babies in the NICUs are needed. Secondly, as a primary preventive strategy, training nurses in the NICUs to control and monitor the delivery of oxygen; as a secondary preventive strategy, ROP programmes offered to the public, mixed, private NICUs and to the Kangaro Mother Programme; as a tertiary strategy, rehabilitation providing a low vision centre for these children Thirdly, running ROP programmes need to be monitored and evaluated.

Abstract: The paper presents a theoretical critical revision of the four mainstream sustainability information encoding processes by arguing that they are insufficiently capable of intelligibly recording, classifying, and summarizing sustainability data for economic prosperity, environmental integrity and social equity decision making (i.e. sustainable development). Utilizing the postulates of General Systems Theory and systems proprieties the problem of information complexity presented by sustainability data is addressed. Resumen: El siguiente trabajo presenta una revisión teórico crítica de los cuatro procesos de codificación de información desde los cuales se reporta actualmente en sostenibilidad. El trabajo sostiene que cada uno de ellos es insuficientemente capaz de registrar, clasificar y resumir información de forma inteligible para la toma de decisiones sobre desarrollo sostenible, es decir, respecto a decisiones sobre prosperidad económica, integridad medioambiental y equidad social. La revisión crítica está basada en los postulados de la Teoría General de Sistemas y en las propiedades sistémicas que permiten abordar el problema de la complejidad en información que presenta la información en sostenibilidad.

This degree work comes as a response to the found difficulties in the results of the "Saber 2016" tests of the IED El Tequendama, located in El Colegio town -Cundinamarca. These results were analyzed in the institutional diagnosis, from a classroom project that was designed and implemented with first grade students, in order to develop communication skills from a meaningful context for students such as domestic animals. Different reading strategies were carried out, both oral and written expression, which will involve students in their learning process. To consolidate the results, the systematization of the experience was carried out in order to codify the data through two categories that were communication skills and cooperative learning. The analysis of these categories allowed to make an evaluation and reflection of the intervention, in which strengths and difficulties were evidenced and from this, recommendations were given to improve the process.

This dissertation explores the analytical status of “hybrid” material transformations that flourish in the indigenous communities of Vichada, Colombia, in relation to the concept of culture. It suggests that these indigenous people live in a culturally intermittent reality as a result of the appropriation of the concept of cultura imposed from the outside world. However, their approach to materiality as becoming rather than being reveals a strategy of creation and recreation of value and identity through the production of meaningful connections in a changing environment, achieved through action, and more specifically by means of the act of making.

Customer life time value (CLV) and delinquency behavior are two of the most important firm key performance indicators at the banking industry, and at any other business scenario in which customers are granted credits or loans. Coordination in decisions regarding these two important variables is essential to achieve overall firm performance. We develop a dynamic method that allows simultaneous coordination between CLV and credit risk management decisions while taking into account their time varying behavior, the observed and unobserved customer heterogeneity, and the panel data structure inherent to the CLV-credit risk context. The method, which is a combination of the extended Kalman filter for exponential family of distributions and a fixed effects model has not been illustrated and/or implemented before. Therefore, we show its validity form a theoretical and computational point of view, and how its results can be interpreted to make the desired decision coordination task using synthetic data.