Abstract: This study conducts an overview of false cognates between Spanish and Portuguese to propose the didactic strategy of associative mnemonics: associative images with associative sentences, this with the aim of reducing interference and improving the accuracy at the time of recalling false cognates. The study was designed with 30 Spanish-native Colombian speakers who learn Portuguese as a foreign language at the University. The findings show that the associative mnemonics improve participants performance just when associative images are included (experimental group) rather than just associative sentences (control group), there was a rising of 25,8% when comparing groups with and without associative images. Participants also demonstrated different perceptions of the cognates depending on the type of task that they face. Linking individual translations between both languages showed a performance of 85%, but when the task was about a written description of pictures, the performance lowered to 54%. This study gives light to the need of teachers and students to find diverse metacognitive techniques to differentiate complex lexicon in both languages. Resumen: Este estudio realiza un recorrido por los falsos cognados entre español y portugués para proponer la estrategia didáctica de la mnemotécnica asociativa: imágenes asociativas con frases asociativas, esto con el objetivo de reducir la interferencia y mejorar la precisión al momento de recordar falsos cognados. El estudio fue diseñado con 30 hispanohablantes colombianos que aprenden portugués como lengua extranjera en la Universidad. Los hallazgos muestran que los mnemotécnicos asociativos mejoran el rendimiento de los participantes solo cuando se incluyen imágenes asociativas (grupo experimental) en lugar de solo frases asociativas (grupo control), hubo un incremento del 25,8% al comparar grupos con y sin imágenes asociativas. Los participantes también demostraron diferentes percepciones de los cognados según el tipo de tarea que desempeñan. Las traducciones individuales entre ambos idiomas mostraron un rendimiento del 85 %, pero cuando la tarea se trataba de una descripción escrita de imágenes, el rendimiento bajó al 54 %. Este estudio revela la necesidad de docentes y estudiantes de encontrar diversas técnicas metacognitivas para diferenciar léxicos complejos en ambas lenguas.

Abstract: This project follows the complete development process of a sustainable building which intend to optimize the natural and built conditions, to merge the architecture with the sustainability; applied to the renovation of the BUILDING H in Palogrande Campus, Universidad Nacional de Colombia in the city of Manizales. Along this work the author put in practice the different methods of analysis and problem solution learned in the Politecnico di Milano, which are oriented to create a user experience focused in the current necessity of saving energy, having at simple sight the building spaces, systems, elements and components which will work to carry out this purpose, being the building use an interactive process between the users and the sustainability. A holistic approach leads the present project, starting from a general analysis of the physical, environmental, historical and social context at country, city, university and campus scale; the urban analysis considers the campus and its surrounding area, yet the design has been limited to the campus area; the architectural design follows the physical and social necessities and is connected with the sustainable strategies which intend to create an comfort environment with a low energy consumption; the details of the systems, elements and components are presented, as well as the structure analysis. Photographs, plans, schemes and renders illustrate the process and result. All the solutions proposed are ecofriendly oriented and expect to be a reference for future studies and design projects in another cities and functions.

Abstract: The alternative of combining bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) offers the prospect of minimizing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions or even removing CO2 from the atmosphere. BECCS are an important approach to reach the target of 2°C as the maximum increase in the global average temperature by the end of this century. In Brazil, attention is drawn to the opportunities for BECCS in the sugar-energy sector, in which it is possible to combine the production of fuels and the generation of electricity from renewable biomass, and integrate them to capture the CO2 emitted in the conversion. This work aims to evaluate the technical-economic performance of BECCS systems in the generation of electricity using residual sugarcane biomass, in the Brazilian context. The integration of the carbon capture process in a typical sugarcane plant was evaluated considering two different cogeneration technologies and, finally, a thermoelectric plant was considered in which this unit uses surplus biomass from a nearby industry. The use of residual sugarcane biomass (bagasse and straw) was considered because of its availability on a large scale and at a relatively low cost in Brazilian sugarcane mills. The two power technologies included, the conventional condensing-extraction steam turbine (CEST), and biomass integrated gasification to combined cycles (BIG-CC). For the capture process, pre and post-combustion routes were compared, both technically feasible but impacted by high demands of steam. Compared to cogeneration, the results for thermoelectric power are favorable, but its location needs to be in a region where there is potentially a large amount of surplus biomass. The current stage of technological development of the BIG-CC technology indicates the impossibility of generating electricity and capturing CO2 in the short to medium term, a horizon in which the CEST technology can be used in demonstration projects. However, the alternative of capturing CO2 from fermentation, in the production of ethanol, should be prioritized, as it implies few energy penalties in the industry, has a relatively low cost and can reduce the carbon footprint of the biofuel.

Abstract: Phosphorus (P) is a limiting element in the dynamics of legume-grass succession, because it fulfills different roles that imply functionality in the absorption efficiency with other elements such as Nitrogen and Iron (Fe), the latter especially in tropical soils. Rice has shaped the diet, economy, and culture of millions of people around the world. It is considered the third most produced crop after corn and wheat on the planet. China is the largest producer and consumer of rice in the world with an area of 30 million hectares with a total amount of 145 million tons, while Italy is the main producer of rice in Europe. with an area of 234,133 ha there is a rice production of more than million tons. Rice production faces agronomic and environmental challenges, such as the reduction of nutrient losses that can cause contamination of ecosystems, the increase of efficiency in fertilizer applications using alternative sources such as struvite, the use of friendly practices with the sustainable development of cover crops during the fallow period to improve soil fertility. Therefore, this thesis aimed to evaluate the role of P on biological N fixation (BNF) efficiency in legumes and the role of these cover crops on nutrient dynamics in temperate rice agrosystems (Northern Italy). Another objective of this thesis was developed under tropical conditions and aimed to evaluate P forms in acid soils under different water management and fertilized with conventional and alternative phosphate fertilizers. Resumen: El fósforo (P) es un macronutriente limitante en la dinámica de la mayoría de cultivos y particularmente cumple un papel importante en la sucesión de leguminosa-gramínea, debido a que cumple diferentes roles que implican funcionalidad en la eficiencia en la absorción con otros elementos como el Nitrógeno y el Hierro (Fe), sobre todo este último en suelos tropicales. El arroz ha dado forma a la dieta, la economía y la cultura de millones de personas en todo el mundo. Se considera el tercer cultivo más producido después del maíz y el trigo en el planeta. China es el mayor productor y consumidor de arroz del mundo con una superficie de 30 millones de hectáreas con una cantidad total de 145 millones de toneladas. Italia es el principal productor de arroz de Europa con una superficie de 234.133 hay una producción de arroz superior a 1.5 millones de toneladas. La producción de arroz enfrenta problemas a nivel agronómico y ambiental, como el de disminuir las pérdidas de nutrientes que pueden ocasionar contaminaciones en suelos y aguas, eficiencia en las aplicaciones de fertilizantes empleando fuentes alternativas como la estruvita, el uso de prácticas amigables con el desarrollo sostenible de los arrozales como la sucesión y rotación de la relación leguminosa-gramínea que altera la fertilidad de los suelos. De la tesis doctoral se han publicado 3 artículos: 1) Phosphorus Dynamics in the Soil–Plant–Environment Relationship in Cropping Systems: A Review (Journal Applied Sciences). 2)Cover Crops Increase N and P Cycling and Rice Productivity in Temperate Cropping Systems (Journal Agronomy) 3) Can Organic P Inputs Alleviate P Limitation Effects on Nutrient Uptake and Biological N2-Fixing Capacity of Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa)? (Journal Soil Science and Plant Nutrition).

Abstract: The following project aimed to design an accessories brand experience from a Culture-Driven Luxury approach, to enhance customer acceptance by recognising the conceptual elements of the contemporary identity of Bogotá D.C city. It has been developed from an experimental perspective of the experience and brand image, which could answer the local market requirements and the current trends. Here were characterised the elements that led to the Culture-Driven luxury concept and how this would define the core creation of a fashion accessories brand. Influenced by the Bogotanity Syntax concept application brochure, implement an innovation from the creation of meaning, using high cultural elements as a symbol of genuineness. Resumen: El siguiente proyecto tuvo como objetivo diseñar una experiencia de marca de accesorios desde un enfoque de lujo impulsado por la cultura, para mejorar la aceptación del cliente mediante el reconocimiento de los elementos conceptuales de la identidad contemporánea de la ciudad de Bogotá D.C. Se ha desarrollado desde una perspectiva experimental de la experiencia y la imagen de marca, que podría responder a las necesidades del mercado local y las tendencias actuales. Aquí se caracterizaron los elementos que condujeron al concepto de Lujo Guiado por la Cultura y cómo esto definiría la creación de la esencia de una marca de accesorios de moda. Influenciada por el folleto de aplicación del concepto de sintaxis Bogotanity. Implementa una innovación a partir de la creación de significado, utilizando elementos de alta cultura como símbolo de autenticidad.

Resumen: El cambio climático, actualmente es el fenómeno que representa una de las mayores amenazas para la humanidad. Globalmente esfuerzos conjuntos entre naciones se han establecido para mitigar y reducir el impacto de este en las sociedades. Gran atención se ha volcado a la reducción de emisiones de gases efecto invernadero, de todos los sectores. Sin embargo, la energía representa el sector económico que más emisiones libera a la atmósfera, es por esto que hoy en día este es donde la mayoría de esfuerzos se están concentrando. La generación de energía eléctrica está cada vez más alejada de los recursos fósiles, nuevas tecnologías están apostando a aprovechar los recursos renovables como la radiación solar, la energía cinética encontrada en los vientos y mareas, las altas temperaturas encontradas en el subsuelo, entre otros. Apuntando a alcanzar una economía libre de emisiones (Zero Emissions). Australia encaminada a contribuir los esfuerzos globales de mitigar los efectos del cambio climático, se ha comprometido con ser ""Net Zero Emissions"" para 2050, alineado con este esfuerzo cada estado de la nación ha establecido objetivos sostenibles, involucrando reducción de emisiones, expansión de tecnologías renovables entre otras iniciativas. El estado de Queensland representa el menos progresivo en este ámbito, siendo el mayor contribuyente a los gases efecto invernadero de la nación. Es de esta manera que se hace necesario explorar alternativas alineadas con alcanzar los objetivos sostenibles del estado y la nación. Las iniciativas de las comunidades energéticas han demostrado por casos de éxito a nivel mundial, ser un vehículo acertado en la expansión de las energías renovables. Con casos de estudio internacionales en El Reino Unido, y Alemania, y nacionales del estado de Victoria y Nuevo Gales del Sur, la investigación de tesis buscó identificar facilitadores y barreras de proyectos de comunidades energéticas y proponer oportunidades de mejora que puedan ser replicable en el estado de Queensland. Por medio de revisión literaria y entrevistas semi-estructuradas se recolectó los datos para el análisis cualitativo. Por medio de una matriz comparativa se identificaron y evaluaron diferentes variables de los proyectos caso de estudio. Finalmente, recomendaciones y conclusiones se desarrollaron en torno a la expansión de proyectos de energía comunitarios en el estado de Queensland.

Abstract: A bio-based future where biomaterials are part of everyday life is the vision and entry point of this thesis. Achieving this scenario requires changes in socio-technical systems by cutting non-renewable materials and redefining cultural and behavioural dynamics in the production-consumption value chain. With a focus on user experience, this research proposes the following. How can the user experience with materials be used as a driver in the biomaterial transition? Several theories related to materials, diffusion of innovations, and sustainability transitions address the challenges and potentials of the biomaterial transition separately. However, there is not an integrated approach. This research aims to tackle this gap articulating a literature review and three exploratory studies as research stages. The results broaden the perception of biomaterials as disruptive innovations. Thus, deepening in their role in shaping social practices redefine the material culture towards a sustainability transition. Resumen: Un futuro de base biológica donde los biomateriales sean parte de la vida cotidiana es la visión y el punto de entrada de esta tesis. Alcanzar este escenario requiere cambios en los sistemas sociotécnicos mediante la reducción de materiales no renovables y la redefinición de dinámicas culturales y de comportamiento en la cadena de valor de producción-consumo. Con un enfoque en la experiencia del usuario, esta investigación propone lo siguiente. ¿Cómo se puede utilizar la experiencia del usuario con los materiales como motor en la transición del biomaterial? Varias teorías relacionadas con los materiales, la difusión de innovaciones y las transiciones de sostenibilidad abordan los desafíos y los potenciales de la transición de los biomateriales por separado. Sin embargo, no existe un enfoque integrado. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo abordar este vacío articulando una revisión de literatura y tres estudios exploratorios como etapas de investigación. Los resultados amplían la percepción de los biomateriales como innovaciones disruptivas. Así, profundizando en su papel en dar forma a las prácticas sociales redefinir la cultura material hacia una transición sostenible.

Abstract: Improved click-through rate (CTR) prediction is a task of increasing importance in the digital world, especially in the current e-commerce boom, where dozens of billions of dollars are spent every year in online advertising. Advertisers usually have a wealth of unlabelled data that has historically been ignored, since machine learning classifiers need labelled data. This work explores the use of semisupervised learning techniques to take advantage of the availability of unlabelled data in an attempt to improve CTR prediction performance. Gradient boosting methods and deep neural networks are evaluated with several noising/regularization techniques. Most combinations fail to surpass a fullysupervised baseline, except a deep neural network that showed a slight increase in performance, albeit not high enough to warrant deployment. The results show that models used in CTR prediction with self-training are quite sensitive to hyperparameters and particularly prone to overfitting.

Resumen: El presente trabajo presenta la propuesta de diseño del producto turístico “Circuito omnicomprehensivo del Caribe Occidental colombiano: en busca del Caribe ancestral”, para aspirar al Posgrado Internacional en Guía Acompañante de Turismo de Naturaleza y Cultural basado en la sostenibilidad y la responsabilidad social ofrecido por el Fondo Verde en la modalidad a distancia. Los resultados de la investigación, realizada en el curso de un viaje turístico a la región tomada como objeto transversal de análisis entre el 28 de Febrero y el 6 de Abril de 2019, ilustran algunos de los temas más relevantes relacionados con el reconocimiento de una región sepultada por la pobreza, el olvido y el conflicto social colombiano, pero que en tiempos de globalización refulge en el horizonte atlántico en búsqueda de estrategias de inserción a un proceso histórico de desarrollo atraído por su mágico potencial y el significado de sus raíces profundas, extraviadas en las sendas misteriosas de lo ancestral… Abstract: The present work presents the proposal for the design of the touristic product ""Omnicomprehensive circuit of colombian West Caribbean coast: looking for ancient Caribe"", to aspire to the International Postdegree in Companion Guide of Nature and Cultural Tourism based in the sustainability and social responsibility, offered by the Green Fund in the online modality. The results of the research, made during a touristic travel to the region taken as transversal object of analysis between February 28th and April 6th 2019, illustrate some of the most relevant subjects related with the recognizing of a region buried by poverty, neglect and colombian social conflict, but that in times of globalization shines in the atlantic horizon searching for insertion strategies to a historical process of development, attracted by its magic potential and the meaning of its deep roots, lost in the misterious paths of ancient times...

Abstract: Characteristic traits of sociopathy, like emotion dysregulation, lack of perspective taking and impulsivity, seem to be grounded in early social experiences of abuse/maltreatment and insecure attachment (Yildirim & Derksen, 2013). These characteristics have been related to the maturation and functionality of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), which are strongly regulated by serotonin (Yildirim & Derksen, 2013). This study aims to explore whether some characteristics of sociopathy can be predicted by the use of a potent serotonergic agonist, Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), in the general population. Participants completed emotion regulation, impulsivity, empathy and attachment measures, and answered queries about different aspects of LSD use. Multiple linear regression analyses (n = 81) showed that different LSD use variables predicted attachment-related avoidance (R2 = .26), reappraisal (R2 = .18), personal distress (R2 = .21), empathic concern (R2 = .31), positive urgency (R2 = .23), sensation seeking (R2 = .35), and negative urgency (R2 = .19), with ?s ranging from |0.221| to |0.471|. This study is one first step towards using serotonergic psychedelics for treating sociopathy, but semi-experimental longitudinal studies are needed to tell if the relations found here are causal. If this is true, psychedelics could be used in conjunction with psychotherapy for improving mental health in emotion dysregulation disorders and for preventing further antisocial behaviours in people with sociopathic profiles. Finally, I discuss the implications of these results for Colombia, a country that has been fraught in conflict for more than 50 years.