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Imagen de apoyo de  Ecology of Holothuria arguinensis: estimation of population parameters and relation with substrate types = Ecología de Holothuria arguinensis: estimación de parámetros poblacionales y su relación con los tipos de substrato

Ecology of Holothuria arguinensis: estimation of population parameters and relation with substrate types = Ecología de Holothuria arguinensis: estimación de parámetros poblacionales y su relación con los tipos de substrato

Por: Julián Olaya Restrepo | Fecha: 2014

Biological parameters and spatial variation of H. arguinensis were estimated inside the Ria Formosa, Portugal. Data collected during visual census (November 2012 to March 2014) and random samplings (February to March 2014) were analyzed. The average sizes were estimated in six localities with a total range between 4 and 48 cm. Three sites showed significant diferences in the average size: Armona, showing the highest mean and Barinha and PFE with the smallest mean (27.4, 17.5 and 21.7 cm respectively, p < 2.2e-16)  Asymptotic population length L?=70 cm and growth coeficient k=0.87 were estimated. The growth pattern showed seasonality using Hoenig’s function. The coverage of mud and sea grass (Z. Noltii, and C. nodosa) were the variables explaining better the diferences in abundance of H. arguinensis among sampled sites, demonstrating the importance of these sea grass species in the persistence of the species in the Ria Formosa.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis
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Ecology of Holothuria arguinensis: estimation of population parameters and relation with substrate types = Ecología de Holothuria arguinensis: estimación de parámetros poblacionales y su relación con los tipos de substrato

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Imagen de apoyo de  Interrogating sustainable development and public utility : a case study of large-scale mining in Colombia

Interrogating sustainable development and public utility : a case study of large-scale mining in Colombia

Por: Aída Sofía Rivera Sotelo | Fecha: 2012

In this paper, I examine the case of Angosturas, a large-scale gold mining project by the Canadian-based company GreyStar in the sensitive high wetland páramo of Santurbán in the northeast of the Colombian Andes. Angosturas is the closest large-scale gold mining project to the phase of extraction in the country, and constitutes a referent for other ongoing cases. In 2011, the Ministry of the Environment, Housing, and Territorial Development (hereafter: Ministry of the Environment) denied the environmental license to the company to start extraction operations. Despite this government’s recent ruling, GreyStar (which renamed itself ‘Eco Oro’ after the 2011 decision) and other mining companies have continued their quest to gain permission to begin extraction in the area. I explore why these continued attempts to change government policy regarding extraction licensing is possible within the existing juridical framework. In particular, I ask how Sustainable Development allows for the classification of large-scale mining as a public utility activity. This paper is a criticism of Sustainable Development and the limitations it places on hearing certain kinds of languages and discourses that resist the commodification of nature. The case study allows me to address a gap in the existing literature, and outline the distinctive situation of non-legally recognized ethnic minorities (e.g. peasant farmers, small-scale miners, and the urban population).
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis
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Interrogating sustainable development and public utility : a case study of large-scale mining in Colombia

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Imagen de apoyo de  Tensor contraction schemes for 2D problems in quantum simulation = Esquemas de contracción de tensores para problemas de 2D en simulaciones cuánticas

Tensor contraction schemes for 2D problems in quantum simulation = Esquemas de contracción de tensores para problemas de 2D en simulaciones cuánticas

Por: Javier Mauricio Enciso Moreno | Fecha: 2010

Quantum simulation describes a great variety of process observed in laboratories and daily life, however, as soon as the computer programs involve more particles, time and storage turn out to be critical issues that constraint the execution of larger simulations. Tensor Contraction Schemes for 2D Problems in Quantum Simulation is based on the ideas of Huckle and Waldherr and is a courageous attempt to describe many-body systems accurately without the intrinsic dimensional problems. To achieve this goal, two well-established techniques are applied to represent large vectors implicitly and, through a variational-based numerical method, minimise the related optimisation problem. Remarkably, the contraction schemes demand linear storage and time resources only. As result, the proposed scheme was able to produce solutions up to the first significant digit for 12-particle system, taking no more than few iteration.Finally, there are still open issues regarding the accuracy in the vector representation and the local optimality of the iterative method that must to be addressed in future investigations.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis
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Tensor contraction schemes for 2D problems in quantum simulation = Esquemas de contracción de tensores para problemas de 2D en simulaciones cuánticas

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Imagen de apoyo de  Understanding the context of voluntary child soldiers: Why did they choose to join the irregular armed forces? The case study of Sierra Leone

Understanding the context of voluntary child soldiers: Why did they choose to join the irregular armed forces? The case study of Sierra Leone

Por: María Paula Ballesteros Duarte | Fecha: 2010

Sierra Leone’s war is known for the high prevalence of child soldiers actively engaged during its lengthy civil war. 70% of the combatants were underage when recruited, with most of them joining the irregular armies voluntarily. In spite of the superficial causes that may differ from case to case, economic, educational and socio-political factors have been the most recognized driving forces that influence the decision of children and youngsters to join the armed forces, and were definitely the driving forces for young combatants in Sierra Leone. The crisis of youth originated by the socioeconomic conditions in Sierra Leone and made worse by the Structural Adjustment Program in the 80s, was a key factor for children and youngsters to join the irregular forces. Even though choosing to become soldiers may appear as a conscious decision that involves agency, the structure of the individuals cannot be detached and judged independently. Whether these children volunteered or were coerced, most of them were uneducated and hungry; therefore it is misleading to consider this type of recruitment as voluntary.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis
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Understanding the context of voluntary child soldiers: Why did they choose to join the irregular armed forces? The case study of Sierra Leone

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Imagen de apoyo de  Applying ecosystem service assessment in coastal classification – a case study in Argentina = Evaluación de servicios ecosistémicos en la clasificación costera – caso de estudio en Argentina

Applying ecosystem service assessment in coastal classification – a case study in Argentina = Evaluación de servicios ecosistémicos en la clasificación costera – caso de estudio en Argentina

Por: Mayra Andrea Zamora Moreno | Fecha: 2014

Coastal areas are among the most productive ecosystems, and are also heavily populated. They offer different benefits to society, known as Ecosystem Services (ESS). However, an unsustainable ecosystem management reduces their capacity to provide such benefits. The ESS flow decrease has repercussions in human well being and, in order to prevent it, is necessary to identify key areas generating key benefits. This ESS evaluation can be done using monetary and non-monetary methodologies. This evaluation was done with a non- monetary evaluation, considering that intangible benefits like cultural ESS are difficult to quantify only in terms of money. While non-monetary evaluations demonstrate the multi- dimensional nature of human well-being, being monetary value just one important aspect amongst others, e.g. symbolic, cultural, ecological and spiritual (Kelemen et al. 2014). In this thesis, coastal ecosystem types were identified to evaluate their capacity to generate a variety of ESS in the Buenos Aires province, Argentina. To make the ESS assessment, a group of experts was selected and interviewed, using an ESS matrix including different coastal types and ESS of interest, in order to estimate ESS flow. They valuated the ESS in each coastal type using a scale form 0 to 5, additionally, they were asked which ESS they believe are of priority for coastal communities and their conservation. In order to protect other important ESS supply and enhance the human well-being, sustainable tourism and recreation practices, as well as integrated management plans should be implemented in the region.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis
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Applying ecosystem service assessment in coastal classification – a case study in Argentina = Evaluación de servicios ecosistémicos en la clasificación costera – caso de estudio en Argentina

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Imagen de apoyo de  Senderos: A Musical Journey to the Andes Supported By Rock And Electronic Elements = Senderos: Una Travesía Musical por los Andes Apoyado en el Rock y Elementos Electrónicos

Senderos: A Musical Journey to the Andes Supported By Rock And Electronic Elements = Senderos: Una Travesía Musical por los Andes Apoyado en el Rock y Elementos Electrónicos

Por: Jorge Mario Valencia Upegui | Fecha: 2010

Resumen: The following project intends to give a short duration album showing how to take South American Andean music into a different level, this task is approached in different ways. By the use of elements from rock and electronic music used to enrich the traditional Andean tunes, in addition to that, some exploration and experimentation with the instruments of the region is being held in order to get new sounds out of them, as well as new ways of mixing and panning them. También pueden ser consultados los mp3 que acompañaron la realización de esta tesis: Arriba quemando el sol -- Senderos Fiesta de San Benito -- Senderos La Partida -- Senderos Ocaso -- Senderos La Palomita -- Senderos
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis
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Senderos: A Musical Journey to the Andes Supported By Rock And Electronic Elements = Senderos: Una Travesía Musical por los Andes Apoyado en el Rock y Elementos Electrónicos

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Imagen de apoyo de  Impact of the pump systems availability in the plant maintenance: model development

Impact of the pump systems availability in the plant maintenance: model development

Por: Juan José Hernández Bello | Fecha: 2006

The present work aims to describe and analyse the influence of the reliability and maintainability of the pump systems on the overall plant availability. The study was developed into an aliphatic solvent plant situated in Colombia and owned by the state company Ecopetrol S.A. This plant is composed of six pump systems, each one of them with parallel redundancy, working in series. The first step during the process was the identification of the dominant failure modes for these pump systems according to historical maintenance information collected during the last nine years and recorded in the CMMS of the company. For these dominant failure modes a Weibull analysis was carried out in order to determine the main parameters of the failure probability distribution function and, in this way, to build a mathematical model useful for predictions of future failures. Additionally, a maintainability model was developed based on the current repair process capability of the work shop employed by the company. By employing reliability block diagrams the reliability dependencies between components, items, units, and systems were taking into account. A general model for the whole plant unit was built and several simulations were performed using Monte Carlo techniques. The simulation results were helpful to identify the more sensitive elements for the overall plant availability and suggest some maintenance and operational actions in order to reduce plant downtime and maintenance costs.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis
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Impact of the pump systems availability in the plant maintenance: model development

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Imagen de apoyo de  Urban River Restoration in Colombia – viewed as whole in order to reduce hydraulic risk and pollution = Restauración de rios urbanos en Colombia – visión de conjunto para disminuir el riesgo hidráulico y la contaminación

Urban River Restoration in Colombia – viewed as whole in order to reduce hydraulic risk and pollution = Restauración de rios urbanos en Colombia – visión de conjunto para disminuir el riesgo hidráulico y la contaminación

Por: Freddy Leonardo Franco Idarraga | Fecha: 2011

Colombia is a privileged country with the amount of water it has, but due to the inadequate conjunction between hydric wealth and land use, we have lived in continuous tragedy, spending huge resources on ongoing reconstructions and helping the floods and landslides victims. However, floods are natural events, in many cases exacerbated by men’s actions over the territory; events to which no country is exempted, but with consequences that vary according to the characteristics of the duo people-territory and its relationships with the water bodies. This document, offers a review of the characteristics and criteria that define a river in good ecological status, and the anthropic pressures, with its impacts and effects over the water courses, deepening into the hydraulic risk, water quality and the disturbance of the natural environments. Continue presenting the “River Restoration” as a new form of river management, reasoning about the Colombian hydric problems, making emphasis on the pollution problems and disasters related to water; and suggesting solutions from the River Restoration perspective for some specific urban cases and linking this new fluvial hydraulic with the “National Police for Integral Management of the Hydric Resource”.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis
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Urban River Restoration in Colombia – viewed as whole in order to reduce hydraulic risk and pollution = Restauración de rios urbanos en Colombia – visión de conjunto para disminuir el riesgo hidráulico y la contaminación

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Imagen de apoyo de  Impact of alternative payment plans on professional equity and daily distress of physicians = Impacto de los métodos de pago alternativos en la equidad profesional y el estrés laboral diario de los médicos

Impact of alternative payment plans on professional equity and daily distress of physicians = Impacto de los métodos de pago alternativos en la equidad profesional y el estrés laboral diario de los médicos

Por: Juan Nicolás Peña Sánchez | Fecha: 2014

Fee-for-service (FFS) payment system has been criticized for affecting quality of care, contributing to the fragmentation of health care, and for rising costs of health care systems. Alternative payment plans (APP) have been introduced as options to the traditional FFS. Despite a link between payment methods and behaviour of physicians has been established, there is a lack of evidence about the impact of payment systems on well-being (motivation and daily distress) of physicians. This dissertation explored the impact of APP on physicians’ perceptions of professional equity and daily distress. The following questions guided this dissertation: 1) Does professional equity perceived by physicians vary among practitioners paid by FFS, APP, or blended alternatives? 2) Is the payment method associated with daily distress of medical practitioners? and 3) Are levels of professional equity, daily distress, and career satisfaction of physicians different by gender and payment methods? In 2011, Physicians practicing in the Saskatoon Health Region, the largest health authority of Saskatchewan, Canada, completed a questionnaire evaluating their perceptions of professional equity and daily distress. In total, 382 (48.1%) physicians participated in the study. Response bias was tested and found to be negligible. The study identified that physicians paid by APP perceived higher professional equity (fair economic rewards and appropriate recognition) in comparison to those paid by FFS. Particularly, family practitioners (FPs) paid by APP perceived higher professional equity than those FPs paid by FFS. The payment method was identified as a factor associated with distress; lower levels of daily distress were predicted among physicians paid by APP who see high proportions of patients with complex conditions. Notwithstanding, female physicians had poorer well-being indicators and the impact of APP on professional equity was only distinguished among males. A potential unequal impact of APP must be recognized between female and male physicians.
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis
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Impact of alternative payment plans on professional equity and daily distress of physicians = Impacto de los métodos de pago alternativos en la equidad profesional y el estrés laboral diario de los médicos

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Imagen de apoyo de  Stereophonic recording angle and angular distortion: a closer look into stereo microphone techniques = Ángulo de grabación estereofónica y distorsión angular: una mirada cercana a las técnicas de microfonía estereofónicas

Stereophonic recording angle and angular distortion: a closer look into stereo microphone techniques = Ángulo de grabación estereofónica y distorsión angular: una mirada cercana a las técnicas de microfonía estereofónicas

Por: María Elisa Ayerbe Barona | Fecha: 2015

This thesis examines my theoretical research and practical experimentation performed over a period of 10 months concerning stereophonic recording arrays and the effect of Stereophonic Recording Angle (SRA) and Angular Distortion (AD), based on Williams’ research. In essence, the objective of this personal experience is to serve as a guide for any recording engineer or audio student interested in taking a closer look into stereophonic microphone arrays and its relation to the recorded stereo image. The emphasis made on the study of Stereophonic Recording Angle and Angular Distortion will provide the reader with the necessar information in order to decide which stereo microphone combination will provide the best result for any given recording situation. The research portion of this paper delivers a comprehensive approach to the fundamental physics and psychoacoustics involved in the recording and reproduction of stereophonic microphone techniques and how they relate to SRA and AD. Furthermore, the sections of analysis of the recording exercises and final recordings describe the methodology and results of hours of recorded rehearsals with several acoustic music ensembles at Middle Tennessee State University. 
Fuente: Biblioteca Virtual Banco de la República Formatos de contenido: Tesis
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Stereophonic recording angle and angular distortion: a closer look into stereo microphone techniques = Ángulo de grabación estereofónica y distorsión angular: una mirada cercana a las técnicas de microfonía estereofónicas

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