The Democratic Governance Area - AGD of the United Nations Development Program - UNDP in Colombia, does not have a Project Management Office - PMO (for its acronym in English), which is dedicated to matters related to the management of projects. Although the Area has within its main activities the negotiation, design, and management of projects from public or private resources and implementation of programs defined within the mission of the organization, does not have this instance. Although great efforts have been made by the organization and especially the Governance Area in managing the projects in an organized and coherent manner; There are some important aspects that show that there is no formally institutionalized structure that performs the functions associated with the professional administration of projects. Under this scenario, and with the aim of improving the management and positioning of the Area in the UNDP, the need to propose the design of a specialized office that is responsible for developing and implementing procedures and methodologies that are necessary for the timely development is identified. of the projects, as well as the design of tools to systematize the implementation of good practices in project management. Although the objectives of the developed projects have been achieved, it has been identified that there are difficulties in the management and administration of projects that may be generated in the medium term; difficulties for the Area Management in negotiating new projects and the results of those that are being executed

A partir de las nuevas formas de transmisión de información y de las nuevas tendencias que surgen para realizar los trámites en línea, los ciudadanos utilizan cada vez más los medios digitales como forma de interactuar con el Estado colombiano, es por esto que surge la importancia de la seguridad de la información para todas las Entidades y se define políticas de estado sobre seguridad digital; en este documento se propone un modelo de gobierno de seguridad de la información que permita marcar la línea a seguir para fortalecer la capacidad de seguridad digital lo que redunda en confianza para el ciudadano en los trámites con la Contraloría General de la República.

El crecimiento experimentado por Bogotá en tos últimos años ha puesto a prueba la capacidad de los policy makers para lograr el financiamiento de la infraestructura urbana necesaria para satisfacer las necesidades de transporte de la población a bajo costo. Es por ello, que la recuperación de plusvalías se está convirtiendo rápidamente en una importante fuente de financiamiento. Este trabajo busca determinar el efecto que tendría la Primera Línea del Metro de Bogotá (PLMB) sobre e! valor del suelo de los predios circundantes, evaluando el impacto que tuvo la Fase 11 del Sistema TransMilenio a través de herramientas analíticas de evaluación de impacto. La ventaja de utilizar un modelo de diferencias en el tiempo es que se puede estimar con mayor precisión el impacto de la obra, identificando cuánto del cambio en la variable de resultado entre dos periodos de tiempo se puede atribuir a la infraestructura de transporte. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la PLMB podría generar un impacto negativo sobre el valor de los predios con actividades económicas residencial y comercial y de servicios, y en ese sentido, no se podría definir la captura de la plusvalía a través del impuesto predial como mecanismo idóneo para su financiamiento.

Este trabajo busca ser la base para la estructuración de una Oficina de administración de proyectos (PMO), en la Caja de compensación familiar de Córdoba (Comfacor); iniciando por el reconocimiento del estadio actual de la organización a través de la estimación del nivel de madurez de la gestión de proyectos bajo el estándar OPM3 y construyendo las herramientas necesarias para el funcionamiento de la Oficina en su primera etapa.

The enterprise architecture has become an important tool within the institutions, with public or private functions, it allows to evaluate its current status in different aspects and seek solutions with the strategic objectives set. This document, is a complete application of the enterprise Architecture within the ethnic affairs sub-directorate of the national land agency, analyzing the different existing frameworks including existence for Colombian public entities.

El trabajo de grado se centra en proponer una metodología en gestión de proyectos basada en prácticas internacionales, bajo estándares del Project Management lnstitute (PMI) para la selección, ejecución y seguimiento de los proyectos circunscrito a la Dirección Corporativa de la Empresa de Transporte Tercer Milenio - Transmilenio S.A., delimitando criterios claves como alcance, tiempo, costo y calidad. Para el desarrollo de la metodología que se propone para mejorar la gestión de proyectos al interior de la Dirección Corporativa, se tomará como referencia los 49 procesos que refiere la Guía del PMBOK® sexta edición (2017), de los cuales se proponen 20 procesos armonizados con el ciclo de vida del proyecto, los cuales servirán de punto de partida para la Dirección Corporativa.

El tema de este trabajo es el estudio de la época de la Violencia en Colombia (1946-1964) a través del cine que representa este periodo histórico, planteando de antemano una reflexión alrededor de la capacidad del cine para interpretar el pasado y sobre lo que este puede aportar en la discusión histórica, en este caso sobre el fenómeno de la Violencia. El texto está dividido en tres capítulos. En el primer capítulo expongo el debate que existe alrededor del cine y la historia, haciendo un recuento de los debates que se han generado alrededor de este tema y cómo ha evolucionado la cuestión hasta nuestros días. En el segundo capítulo y siguiendo una línea más académica, hago un recuento histórico de la época de la Violencia en Colombia, para ubicar al lector en el contexto y poder analizar las películas con un criterio basado en los textos académicos que se han escrito sobre el periodo. En el tercer capítulo analizo tres películas realizadas en épocas diferentes que tratan el fenómeno de la Violencia desde varias perspectivas, las películas son: El Río de las Tumbas de Julio Luzardo (1964), Cóndores no entierran todos los días de Francisco Norden (1984) y La Sargento Matacho de Wiliam González (2015). The theme of this work is the analysis of the era of La Violencia in Colombia (1946-1964) through cinema which explores this historical period, proposing beforehand a reflection about the capacity of cinema to interpret the past and how it can contribute to the historical discussion, in this case; the phenomenon of La Violencia. The text is divided into three chapters. In the first chapter I present the debate that exists around cinema and history, recounting the debates that have been generated around this topic and how the issue has evolved to the present day. In the second chapter and following a more academic line, I make a historical account of the era of La Violencia in Colombia, to locate the reader in the context and to be able to analyze the films with a criteria based on the academic texts that have been written on the period. In the third chapter I analyze three films made at different times dealing with the phenomenon of La Violencia from various perspectives, the films are: The River of the Tombs of Julio Luzardo (1964), Condors do not bury all the days of Francisco Norden (1984) and La Sargento Matacho by Wiliam González (2015).

Pregnancy during adolescence is a worldwide public health concern. In developing countries, 14 million adolescents give birth each year, which accounts for 90% of all worldwide pregnancies. The proportion of adolescent women aged 10-19 whom have been pregnant in Mitú, Colombia is of approximately 25%, in comparison to 19.5% at the national level. This report aims to review the effectiveness and identifying best practice of adolescent pregnancy interventions in low and middle income countries and use formative research to make specific recommendations for policy and practice to prevent adolescent pregnancy in Mitú, Colombia. EMBASE, Medline, CINHAL, Cochrane library, GLOBAL HEALTH, ADOLEC, Popline, LILACS and REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH LIBRARY were searched to identify studies examining adolescent pregnancy prevention interventions in developing countries. GOOGLE was searched to identify grey literature. Five semi-structured interviews were also conducted with key service providers in the field of Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in Mitú to explore the needs of the region in regards to adolescent pregnancy prevention and the barriers and facilitators for programme implementation. The literature review found that adolescent pregnancy prevention interventions in developing countries had a positive impact on the knowledge of pregnancy prevention and may contribute to the delay of sexual initiation. However, impact on the use of contraceptive methods and reduction of adolescent pregnancy inconclusive. Interviews revealed key societal, familial and individual factors that were viewed to be linked to adolescent pregnancy in Mitú. Relationships between military personnel and young women appeared to be an important factor in high teenage pregnancy rates. Barriers for the adequate implementation and continuation of programmes included lack of political commitment, lack of financial, human and material resources and lack of inter-institutional collaboration, the high rate of staff turnover and the lack of monitoring programmes. Only few facilitators were mentioned that consisted mainly in the willing of both adolescent and military to collaborate in the implementation of adolescent pregnancy prevention interventions. In conclusion, evidence suggests that adolescent pregnancy prevention strategies are effective in increasing knowledge of pregnancy and might delay sexual initiation in low and middle-income countries. Features of effective programmes were identified and discussed and are important in designing and developing new strategies. However, cultural, environmental and social barriers need to be addressed through political commitment and inter-institutional collaboration in order to develop effective interventions for pregnancy prevention in Mitú.

The central system for generating genetic diversity and protecting the genomic integrity of replicating cells, from bacteria to humans, involves the homologous recombination (HR) machinery. It involves the process of exchange of molecules between DNA strands using the homology sequences. Because these machineries are highly efficient and precise it has become a useful analytical tool for the bacterial geneticists, thus, the engineering recombinant DNA molecules by homologous recombination, method called recombineering, is functional for sequence deletions, substitutions, or insertions. Under some conditions, the phage-mediated recombination system can be provided in E. coli by the ? phage Red enzymes, Red? and Red?. It involves a processive 5’ to 3’ exonuclease or a member of helicase family, namely Red?, which generates single stranded DNA (ssDNA) regions that are substrates for the single strand annealing protein (SSAP), i. e. Red?, which promotes joining of the DNA molecules by joining the recently replicated complementary sequences. The motivation of this study is to contribute to the understanding of the physical and functional coupling of the two enzymes Red? and Red?, as well as understanding the influence of including the DNA into the reaction, which acts as the substrate. Consequently, the experiments were designed and performed incorporating in vitro techniques not only for finding protein-protein interactions, such as co-immunoprecipitations and size exclusion chromatography, but also for analyzing the exonuclease activity of Red?. Also, the interaction of DNA with Red enzymes by means of the mobility shift assays was evaluated. In parallel, in vivo tests were made with the objective of defining the stoichiometry of the intracellular concentrations of both proteins during the co-expression in E. coli. In order to reveal more about the physical coupling of Red system’s components the preliminary data of a fluorescence correlation spectroscopy assay is described with the aim of determining whether the presence of Red? has an effect on Red?’s dwell-time on its substrate.

El presente trabajo de fin de máster tiene por objetivo ofrecer un análisis del impacto en los precios de los medicamentos a partir del cambio en la financiación de los medicamentos en España derivados de la introducción del RDL 16/2012, también conocido como el ‘medicamentazo’. Además se ofrecerá una perspectiva de los retos futuros y cambios en el entorno de competencia para la industria farmacéutica, así como las diferentes estrategias adoptadas por los laboratorios en el acceso al mercado.