Traducción no oficial cortesía del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores–Grupo de Asuntos ante la CIJ.

Based on the premise that the nature of melodrama defies the traditional interpretation of the concept of genre in cinema studies, the intention of this work is to critically consider the adaptability quality of melodrama, as a metagenre, but especially as an emotional aesthetic structure of significance. Given the prominence of this dual quality of melodrama in Mexican films, this essay will analytically compare two Mexican melodramas: Allá en el Rancho Grande (1949) and Susana (1951). These films, convergent in terms of their use of established melodramatic themes, but ideologically divergent, are both considered melodramas. A renewed look at them could illustrate the adaptability of the melodramatic mode. Resumen: Basado en la premisa de que la naturaleza del melodrama desafía la interpretación tradicional del concepto de género en los estudios cinematográficos, la intención de este trabajo es considerar críticamente la adaptabilidad del melodrama, como un metagénero, pero especialmente como una estructura estética emocional de significado. Dada la importancia de esta doble cualidad de melodrama en las películas mexicanas, este ensayo comparará analíticamente dos melodramas mexicanos: Allá en el Rancho Grande (1949) y Susana (1951). Estas dos películas, convergentes en términos del uso de los temas melodramáticos establecidos, pero ideológicamente divergentes, se consideran igualmente melodramas. Una mirada renovada a ellas ilustrará mejor la adaptabilidad del modo melodramático.

Large amounts of offshore wind energy are planned by the Dutch government for the next years. The Dutch power system will continue to evolve to integrate these new sources of green power efficiently. The dynamic system performance of a grid topology with transmission capacity above 1 GW connecting offshore wind farms (OWFs) at distances close to (or beyond) 100 km in a standardized and modular manner is the focus of this paper. An electromagnetic transient (EMT) model was built in PSCAD in which OWFs are connected with 66 kV cables to a centralized offshore platform and a transmission link with a capacity of 1050 MW. The connection to the onshore transmission network is through a high voltage direct current (HVDC) link that uses a modular multilevel converter (MMC) topology. A dynamic performance analysis with several expected operational cases is done to obtain a complete overview and understanding of the system. Resumen: El gobierno holandés planea grandes cantidades de energía eólica marina para los próximos años. El sistema de transmisión de energía holandés continuará evolucionando para integrar estas nuevas fuentes de energía renovables no convencionales de manera eficiente. El desempeño dinámico de un sistema eléctrico con una topología de red con capacidad de transmisión por encima de 1 GW que conecta parques eólicos marinos a distancias cercanas (o más allá) de 100 km de manera estandarizada y modular se presenta en este artículo. Se construyó un modelo electromagnético transitorio en PSCAD en el que los parques eólicos marinos están conectados con cables de 66 kV a una plataforma centralizada mar adentro y un enlace de transmisión con una capacidad de 1050 MW. La conexión a la red de transmisión en tierra es a través de un enlace de corriente continua de alto voltaje (HVDC) que utiliza una topología de convertidor multinivel modular (MMC). Se realizó un estudio dinámico con varios casos operativos esperados para obtener una visión general completa y una comprensión del desempeño de todos los elementos del sistema.

Rationale: Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM – lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins) are produced via the enzymatic conversion of essential fatty acids, including the omega-3 fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and docosapentaenoic acid (n-3 DPA). These mediators exert potent leukocyte directed actions and control vascular inflammation. Supplementation of animals and humans with essential fatty acids, in particular omega-3 fatty acids, exerts protective actions reducing vascular and systemic inflammation. Of note, the mechanism(s) activated by these supplements in exerting their protective actions remain poorly understood. Objective: Given that essential fatty acids are precursors in the biosynthesises of SPM, the aim of the present study was to establish the relationship between supplementation and peripheral SPM concentrations. We also investigated the relationship between changes in plasma SPM concentrations and peripheral blood platelet and leukocyte responses. Methods and Results: Healthy volunteers were enrolled in a double blinded, placebo controlled, crossover study and peripheral blood was collected at baseline and 2, 4, 6 and 24h post administration of placebo or one of three doses of an enriched marine oil supplement. Assessment of plasma SPM concentrations using lipid mediator profiling demonstrated a time and dose-dependent increase in peripheral blood SPM concentration. Supplementation also led to a regulation of peripheral blood cell responses. Here we found a dose-dependent increase in neutrophil and monocyte phagocytosis of bacteria, and a decrease in the diurnal activation of leukocytes and platelets, as measured by a decreased adhesion molecule expression. In addition, transcriptomic analysis of peripheral blood cells demonstrated a marked shift in transcript levels of immune and metabolic genes 24h post-supplementation when compared with placebo. Conclusions: Together these findings demonstrate that supplementation with an enriched marine oil leads to an increase in peripheral blood SPM concentrations and reprograms peripheral blood, indicating a role for SPM in mediating the immune directed actions of this supplement.

The Doña Juana Volcanic Complex (DJVC) is an active volcanic zone located in southern Colombia, an area lacking geothermal exploration data. Using the results of hydrogeochemical analyses of hot springs, thermal waters were divided into two groups: Doña Juana System (DJS) and Las Animas System (AS). The DJS thermal waters are sulphate-bicarbonate and the AS dilute-chloride waters with relatively high concentrations of alkalis. The stable isotope and some element ratios suggested a mixing process between geothermal fluids and meteoric waters where AS is related to the upflow with a reservoir temperature around 180 °C estimated through solute geothermometers and mineral equilibrium geothermometry, showing a high temperature system in which the fault systems apparently play an important role in the flow of the geothermal fluids

Software Defined Networks (SDN) is a networking approach that decouples the intelligent control plane from networking devices and establishes a separate entity called "controller" that rule the behaviour of the data plane on physical networking devices. Due to the rapid evolution and growth of SDN controllers in the market, this paper aims to present an extensive study on performance and scalability of different open source SDN controllers available in the existing literature. This work covers previous studies and expands them with updated information and official benchmarking methodologies. The study provides a framework based on the standards recommended by the IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) and it will serve as a guideline to the SDN community to benchmark different SDN controllers.

Dabeiba is a small locality situated at the northern part of the Western Cordillera of Colombia which has the presence of thermal springs with interesting geology and hydrochemistry data. Through stable isotopes a faint mixture between the geothermal waters with superficial waters was identified. The springs are sodium-chloride type slightly diluted, with high concentration of boron. Using the conservative elements allowed identifying all springs from the same reservoir and they are in partial equilibrium according to Na-K-Mg diagram. The reservoir temperature was measured with solute geothermometers selected by the suitable conditions, identifying a low enthalpy system with values of ~150°C. The geothermal system is associated with deeply circulating waters in a fracture zone, where the waters possibly come of releasing from meta-sedimentary rocks and apparently with a bit of magmatic input, explaining the high concentrations salt components and boron.

Improvement of wear resistance and mechanical performance of rails used in heavy-haul railway are essential to reduce railroad maintenance costs. A novel heat treatment based on quenching and partitioning (Q&P) processing was proposed to improve the wear resistance of a hypereutectoid pearlitic rail. 50% of austenite was transformed into martensite under an interrupted quenching from full austenitization temperature to 140°C. A multiphase microstructure resulted from the quenching and partitioning process, consisting of tempered martensite, bainite, retained austenite, and pearlite colonies. The partitioning step was performed in the range of 350–650°C. Microstructure characteristics were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, microhardness measurements, X-ray and electron backscattered difraction. Uniaxial tensile and pin-on-disc tests were also performed to evaluate the mechanical properties and wear resistance. The best combination of wear resistance and mechanical performance was obtained in samples partitioned at 450 and 550°C, which may be applied in the railway industries. Resumen: El aumento en la resistencia al desgaste y el desempeño mecánico de los rieles utilizados en ferrocarriles para transporte de carga pesada son esenciales para reducir los costos de mantenimiento de los rieles. Se propone un nuevo tratamiento térmico basado en el proceso de temple y partición (Q&P) para mejorar la resistencia al desgaste de un riel perlítico hipereutectoide. Durante el enfriamiento desde la temperatura de plena austenización se transformó el 50% de la austenita en martensita, bajo un enfriamiento interrumpido a 140 °C. Una microestructura multifásica fue obtenida del proceso de temple y partición, que consiste en colonias de perlita, martensita revenida, bainita y austenita retenida. La etapa de partición se realizó en el rango de 350–650 °C. Las características de la microestructura se investigaron mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido, mediciones de microdureza, rayos X y difracción retrodispersada de electrones. También se realizaron pruebas uniaxiales de tracción y pin-disco para evaluar las propiedades mecánicas y la resistencia al desgaste. La mejor combinación de resistencia al desgaste y desempeño mecánico se obtuvo en muestras particionadas a 450 y 550 ° C, que pueden ser aplicadas en las industrias ferroviarias.

Background: Treatment abandonment is a leading cause of treatment failure and poor survival in children with cancer in low- and middle-income countries. It compromises the outcome of 1 in 7 children with cancer globally, it has an estimated prevalence of about 15%. In Mexico, Prior to the creation of medical insurance in 2005, the rate of treatment abandonment was reported as >20% (data from 2000-2004), more recently, the rate of treatment abandonment has been reported at 15.5% (data from 2008 -2017). Methods: Case and control study was performed. We retrospectively reviewed the sociodemographic and clinical data of children with a diagnosis with cancer in the Hospital Civil of Guadalajara- Mexico, between January 2006 and December 2018, this a reference in childhood cancer for western of Mexico. The definition of treatment abandonment followed the International Society of Paediatric Oncology. Results: Data from 1812 patients diagnosed with cancer were analyzed, of which 183 (10%) abandoned treatment. Bivariate logistic regression analysis showed significantly higher abandonment rates in children level of education of the parents; basic education (OR 0.36; p 0.058), Time to travel to hospital > 3 hr. (OR 11.95; p 0.001), single parent (OR 2.50; p 0.003), rural area (OR 0.597; p 0.040), Primary Caregiver Age < 20 years old (OR 4.04; p 0.023). Conclusion: Treatment abandonment prevalence in Hospital Civil of Guadalajara Mexico is high and closely related to socio-demographic factors. This study will create a risk score for the abandonment of treatment in our population, validating it and managing to reduce the percentage of this problem. Resumen. Antecedentes: el abandono del tratamiento es una de las principales causas de fracaso del tratamiento y una pobre supervivencia en niños con cáncer en países de bajos y medianos ingresos. Actualmente 1 de cada 7 niños con cáncer a nivel mundial, tiene una prevalencia estimada de aproximadamente el 15% de abandono. En México, antes de la creación del seguro médico en 2005, la tasa de abandono del tratamiento se informó como> 20% (datos de 2000-2004), más recientemente, la tasa de abandono del tratamiento se reportó en 15.5% (datos de 2008 -2017). Métodos: se realizó un estudio de casos y controles. Revisamos retrospectivamente los datos sociodemográficos y clínicos de niños con diagnóstico de cáncer en el Hospital Civil de Guadalajara- México, entre enero de 2006 y diciembre de 2018, este es un hospital de referencia en cáncer infantil para el oeste de México. La definición de abandono del tratamiento se baso en el de la Sociedad Internacional de Oncología Pediátrica. Resultados: Se analizaron datos de 1812 pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer, de los cuales 183 (10%) abandonaron el tratamiento. El análisis de regresión logística bivariada mostró tasas de abandono significativamente más altas en el nivel de educación de los padres de los niños; educación básica (OR 0.36; p 0.058), Tiempo para viajar al hospital> 3 h (OR 11.95; p 0.001), familia monoparental (OR 2.50; p 0.003), área rural (OR 0.597; p 0.040), Edad del cuidador primario < 20 años (OR 4.04; p 0.023). Conclusión: La prevalencia del abandono del tratamiento en el Hospital Civil de Guadalajara México es alta y está estrechamente relacionada con factores sociodemográficos. Este estudio creará una puntuación de riesgo para el abandono del tratamiento en nuestra población, validándolo y logrando reducir el porcentaje de este problema.

This thesis aims to contribute to the definition of a comprehensive and integrated vision for Bogotá, Colombia, in terms of urban regeneration and social cohesion. It attempts to facilitate the construction of civic meaning, institutional cooperation and spatial revitalization in a historically unequal territory. By analyzing and recognizing the disparity between Bogotá’s urban transport and urban structure city models at the metropolitan level, this project revises the impact and influence that past and prospective public transport systems could raise in the existing urban patterns and social dynamics of the Historic City Center. The objective is to redefine regeneration through mobilization in order to renegotiate the role that mobility structures could have as instruments for sustainable and inclusive socio-spatial transformations. The outlines are established under a systematized urban regeneration model engaged by the potentialities of a Sustainable Transit-Oriented Development. By providing an integrated framework, strategy and guidelines of this project will become an operative design platform able to promote new urban conditions and new forms of the state in the social, spatial and economic domain. The articulation between the values of mobility, identity and urban networks, from the local to the metropolitan level, will promote the consolidation of the City Center as the city’s main structural element once again. As a result, this will become a stepping stone for a competitive, genuinely democratic and socially-fair emerging metropolis model. Resumen: Esta Tesis tiene como objetivo contribuir a la definición de una visión integral e integrada de Bogotá, Colombia, en términos de regeneración urbana y cohesión social. Intenta facilitar la construcción del sentido cívico, la cooperación institucional y la revitalización espacial en un territorio históricamente desigual. Al analizar y reconocer la disparidad entre el transporte urbano de Bogotá y los modelos de estructura urbana a nivel metropolitano, este proyecto analiza el impacto y la influencia que los sistemas de transporte público pasados y futuros podrían tener en los patrones urbanos y las dinámicas sociales existentes en el Centro Histórico de la Ciudad. El objetivo es redefinir la regeneración mediante la movilización, para renegociar el papel que las estructuras de movilidad podrían tener como instrumento de transformaciones socio-espaciales, sostenibles e inclusivas. Los esquemas se establecen bajo un modelo de regeneración urbana sistematizado y comprometido con las potencialidades de un Desarrollo Sostenible Orientado al Transporte. Al proporcionar un marco integrado, la estrategia y las directrices de este proyecto se convertirá en una plataforma de diseño operativo capaz de promover nuevas condiciones urbanas y nuevas formas de Estado en el ámbito social, espacial y económico. La articulación entre los valores de movilidad, identidad y redes urbanas, desde el nivel local al metropolitano, favorecerá la consolidación del Centro de la Ciudad como principal elemento estructural de la ciudad. Como resultado, esto se convertirá en un peldaño hacia un modelo de metrópolis competitivo, genuinamente democrático y socialmente justo.