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Por: Estrella Urtubey | Fecha: 2016

As result of recent explorations in the Andean Cordillera Oriental of Colombia, Tragopogon porrifolius L. (Asteraceae: Cichorieae) is reported for the first time for this country. This study provides ecological information, geographic distribution, photographs, and comments about the particular morphological characteristics of the new reported species.

Fuente: Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt Formatos de contenido: Artículos

Temas:
Otros

Por: Germán Andrés Quimbayo Ruiz | Fecha: 2017

Based on the recognition of the geographical context and environmental institutions of Bogotá, this paper attempts to propose some insights for the comprehensive management of urban-region biodiversity, taking into account the contribution of the social and institutional history of the city. Considering this, it could support the promotion of common practices and languages in order to develop persistent processes of social appropriation of biodiversity which could become part of a broader urban policy. The document propose some principles and actions, based on the different ways of seeing and use the biodiversity in Bogotá, which it can be assumed as a public good that maintains and improves the quality of life in the city and its region.

Fuente: Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt Formatos de contenido: Artículos

Temas:
Otros

Por: Jaime De La Ossa | Fecha: 2016

The present work evaluates the accidental mortality for collisions over wildlife and vehicles associated to the road that going from Toluviejo town to Ciénaga de la Caimanera in the department of Sucre, Colombia, crossing an important portion of Montes de María, it passes through by antropic savannas until arriving to the area of mangroves in the Caribbean coast. Were registered 431 individuals road killed: mammals 28,1 % (121), birds 28,8 % (124), reptiles 21,8 % (94) and amphibians 21,3 % (92). Specifically the species with more mortality were: Cerdocyon thous (10.9 %), Iguana iguana (10.8hj%), Crotophaga ani (9.5%), Tamandua mexicana (7.7 %) and Didelphis marsupialis (6.1 %). The rate runover was superior in all the cases, both as, in a general and as specified way when comparing it with related works. The analyzed road doesn’t present any signaling protection for the wild fauna, it lacks illumination, and it is built in its entirety in asphalt, with relative good state. The running over rate it is related to factors such as: vehicular flow, wide of the road, behavior of the species, vegetable covering and the vehicular speed, being all of great importance and wide influence in the detected road killed.

Fuente: Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt Formatos de contenido: Artículos

Temas:
Otros

Por: Javier H. Jerez-Jaimes | Fecha: 2017

The diversity of Ingoldian hyphomycetes in Colombia is known from three studies that reported in total 18 species of these fungi. For eastern Colombian there are no records of these microorganisms. In this study foam samples were collected in the Frio River drainage in the municipality of Floridablanca (Santander) in October 2013 and September 2014. In this inventory 23 hyphomycetes taxa are reported of which 20 are new records for Colombia. Clavatospora tentacula was found in both sample periods. A marked decline in species richness related to the reduction of rainfall in the year 2014 was observed.

Fuente: Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt Formatos de contenido: Artículos

Temas:
Otros

Por: Wilson Ramírez Hernández | Fecha: 2017

Colombia has been is undergoing a process of rapid ecosystem deterioration that has affected, at different scales, the provision of strategic ecosystem services to rural and urban populations. This situation has led to the need for academics, policy makers, and our local communities to consider various integrated strategies of ecosystem conservation such as the reinforcement of novel and existing protected areas, changing land use and certainly, the restoration of ecosystems that provide strategic services. However, the conceptual and methodological framework of ecological restoration in the country today is significantly dispersed at every level, even within the SINA (Sistema Nacional Ambiental). The purpose of this working paper is to introduce the most important concepts related to ecological restoration in order to have a standardized institutional vision that may generate a space for the discussion and application of this issue in the institutional programs, lines of work and emphasis of researchers.

Fuente: Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt Formatos de contenido: Artículos

Temas:
Otros

Por: Patricia Chacón de Ulloa | Fecha: 2017

This article describes the database of the ant fauna associated with orange crops on the Caribbean coast of Colombia. The study was carried in the departments of Bolivar, Cordoba, Cesar and Magdalena, in crops of 38 farms in 13 municipalities. In all cultivations, the ants were collected by transects of 50m each with five sampling stations separated by 10 m, at each one three sets of sampling techniques were applied: direct capture (manual), pitfall traps and Winkler sacks. A total of 3119 samples were obtained, distributed into eight subfamilies, 44 genera and 122 species. As expected Myrmicinae subfamily was the one that presented the highest richness (65 species) and capture rate (63,45%). The two most frequent were Ectatomma ruidum and Crematogaster abstinens appearance with a percentage of 13,34% and 8,62% respectively. The database reflects a great diversity in orange crops with a large presence of groups considered important as biological controls including hunting ants and cryptic myrmicines.

Fuente: Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt Formatos de contenido: Artículos

Temas:
Otros

Por: Germán González-Rey | Fecha: 2016

El conocimiento limnológico de los páramos es casi inexistente ya que las investigaciones se han desarrollado, principalmente, en zonas andinas y alto andinas. Al respecto, en este estudio se planteó la pregunta: ¿cómo se asocian la diversidad (H ́), densidad, riqueza y biomasa de macroinvertebrados asociados a Potamogeton sp., Azolla filiculoides y Myriophyllum aquaticum, con las variables medidas en cada una de ellas: hábito de vida (flotante, emergente y sumergida), biomasa y condiciones de hábitat? El objetivo fue determinar cambios espacio-temporales de densidad, biomasa y diversidad de la fauna, en función del hábitat que ocupaban y de las condiciones ambientales. Los muestreos se adelantaron durante cuatro temporadas hidrológicas. Se tomaron muestras de las plantas y se extrajeron de ellas los invertebrados. Se midieron variables fisicoquímicas en campo y en laboratorio. Fueron identificados 19 géneros/morfotipos de macroinvertebrados, presentando mayor densidad y biomasa, Helobdella, Hyalella y Tubificidae. El ecosistema presentó H ́promedio de 0,62 bits.ind-1 y dominancia promedio de 0,5. La densidad fue correlacionada con conductividad eléctrica y caudal, y la biomasa con conductividad y oxígeno disuelto. La macrófita sumergida presentó la mayor cantidad de biomasa, densidad, riqueza y H ́ de macroinvertebrados. Las condiciones ambientales fueron optimas para la diversidad faunística.

Fuente: Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt Formatos de contenido: Artículos

Temas:
Otros

Por: Mateo Fernández | Fecha: 2016

The vast floodplains of the Orinoco Basin have the conditions for the proliferation of aquatic vegetation. Despite its ecological importance in the “Llanos Orientales” of Colombia, the aquatic flora in this region has been understudied. Consequently, the knowledge and dissemination of information about the richness and distribution patterns of aquatic plants and aquatic communities is scarce. In addition, the Orinoco Basin of Colombia is among the most over-exploited regions in the country. In order to provide a first insight into the species richness of macrophytes present in the region, plants associated with aquatic habitats were collected, identified, and photographed. For almost two years, 101 localities were visited. These localities were located in six departments (Arauca, Casanare, Guainía, Guaviare, Meta and Vichada) and 19 municipalities. In each locality, dried plant material and silica-dried material were collected. Sampling effort was concentrated towards hydrophytes and helophytes inhabiting lentic and lotic environments. 1167 collected specimens were deposited in the ANDES herbarium (Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá). Among these, 95 families, 221 genera, and 341 species of vascular plants were associated with aquatic habitats. Of the species collected, only 151 had been reported in the study area with 1374 historic occurrences in the “Herbario Nacional Colombiano” (COL) database. The present study aims to contribute to the knowledge and dissemination of information about the richness and distribution patterns of macrophytes in the Orinoco Basin of Colombia. We consider that this information is important in order to propose localities that should be a priority for conservation purposes, and to protect these important and threatened fresh-water ecosystems.

Fuente: Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt Formatos de contenido: Artículos

Temas:
Otros

Por: Joel Tupac Otero Ospina | Fecha: 2017

One of the potential distribution areas for tropical dry forest in Colombia is Cauca River Valley. Intensive agricultural activity in this zone has been one of the main factors causing its degradation since the middle of the 20th century. This study identifies and locates the natural areas that have persisted from 1984-2014 in the Cauca River Valley, in Valle del Cauca Department, using cartographic information and satellite images (Landsat TM5 and OLI). The results indicate that in spite of the 50% reduction in natural areas due to a 72% increase in cultivated areas, 26% of them have persisted since 1984, especially in the dry warm forest of the alluvial plain and in the dry warm forest of the alluvial piedmont, ecosystems of the helobiome biomes of the Valle del Cauca and the tropical alternohydric zonobiome of Valle del Cauca, respectively. The persistent natural areas identified in the time frame represents an opportunity to initiate ecological restoration processes and monitoring of dry forest vegetation and its cover in Valle del Cauca, considering that few remnants still retain structural and functional characteristics of this Biome and the conditions of connectivity between them are deficient.

Fuente: Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt Formatos de contenido: Artículos

Temas:
Otros

Por: Sergio Córdoba-Córdoba | Fecha: 2016

El páramo es un ecosistema únicamente presente en los Andes tropicales y contiene diferentes tipos de vegetación y sistemas acuáticos. Es utilizado por varias especies de aves, sin embargo, considerar únicamente a las restringidas excluye una gran cantidad de especies. Se realizó un análisis ecológico que incluyó a todas aquellas que lo utilizan, de acuerdo a sus dietas y discontinuidades de peso. Para el análisis se recopilaron las aves registradas en páramos de Colombia y se propone una clasificación en cuatro categorías de presencia. En los páramos de Colombia han sido registradas 207 especies (49 exclusivas, 69 habituales, 65 periféricas y 24 no permanentes). Predominan Thraupidos, Trochilidos, Tyrannidos y Furnariidos. Muchas especies se registran en la cordillera Oriental y menos en la serranía de Perijá y Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. Hay 22 especies endémicas y 26 casi endémicas de Colombia. Predominan las aves pequeñas, consumidoras de insectos e invertebrados pequeños; cerca de la mitad consumen otro tipo de alimentos (néctar y frutos, y menor proporción semillas, vertebrados y carroña). Las especies más pesadas consumen vertebrados y carroña y recursos acuáticos. Es necesario evaluar algunas especies para conocer su permanencia en los páramos, al igual que sus abundancias y uso de recursos.

Fuente: Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt Formatos de contenido: Artículos

Temas:
Otros