Abstract: Night work is one of the most recognized responsibilities of security personnel. Feeling vital is a necessary condition for assuring proper development of this function. Thus, the analysis of its effects on physical and mental conditions is a relevant resource for achieving adequate results at individual and organizational levels. Based on a ques- tionnaire applied to 184 private security guards in Colombia, this study examines the subjective vitality of the personnel working during night shifts and its association with self-perceptions regarding their physical and mental health. Additionally, it analyzes the interference that various demographic variables exert on these relationships. By using partial least squares structural equation modeling, the study found that subjec- tive vitality significantly affects night workers’ mental health more than their physical health. That is, subjective vitality among respondents explains 51% of the variability of mental health and 36% of the variability of physical health. A further significant effect of physical health on mental health was also evidenced, in which the former explains the 25% of the latter variability. When comparing results between genders, the study shows that the variability of mental health explained by subjective vitality among women is larger than among men (75% vs. 28%). These results are discussed in light of the theoretical aspects of organizational behavior and are grounded around their potential to address the phenomenon of human resource management in prac- tice. Practical implications include the need for organizational schemes that balance physical and mental health among night workers. Resumen: El trabajo nocturno es una de las responsabilidades más reconocidas del personal de seguridad. Sentirse vital es una condición necesaria para asegurar el correcto desarrollo de esta función. Así, el análisis de sus efectos sobre las condiciones físicas y psíquicas es un recurso relevante para lograr resultados adecuados a nivel individual y organizacional. A partir de un cuestionario aplicado a 184 guardias de seguridad privada en Colombia, este estudio examina la vitalidad subjetiva del personal que labora en turnos nocturnos y su asociación con las autopercepciones sobre su salud física y mental. Además, analiza la interferencia que sobre estas relaciones ejercen diversas variables demográficas. Mediante el uso de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales de mínimos cuadrados parciales, el estudio encontró que la vitalidad subjetiva afecta significativamente la salud mental de los trabajadores nocturnos más que su salud física. Es decir, la vitalidad subjetiva de los encuestados explica el 51% de la variabilidad de la salud mental y el 36% de la variabilidad de la salud física. También se evidenció otro efecto significativo de la salud física sobre la salud mental, en el que la primera explica el 25% de la variabilidad de la segunda. Al comparar los resultados entre géneros, el estudio muestra que la variabilidad de la salud mental explicada por la vitalidad subjetiva entre las mujeres es mayor que entre los hombres (75% vs. 28%). Estos resultados se discuten a la luz de los aspectos teóricos del comportamiento organizacional y se basan en su potencial para abordar el fenómeno de la gestión de recursos humanos en la práctica. Las implicaciones prácticas incluyen la necesidad de esquemas organizacionales que equilibren la salud física y mental entre los trabajadores nocturnos.

Abstract: In mammalian females, germ cells remain arrested as primordial follicles. Resumption of meiosis is heralded by germinal vesicle breakdown, condensation of chromosomes, and their eventual alignment on metaphase plates. At the first meiotic division, anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome associated with Cdc20 (APC/CCdc20) activates separase and thereby destroys cohesion along chromosome arms. Because cohesion around centromeres is protected by shugoshin-2, sister chromatids remain attached through centromeric/pericentromeric cohesin. We show here that, by promoting proteolysis of cyclins and Cdc25B at the germinal vesicle (GV) stage, APC/C associated with the Cdh1 protein (APC/CCdh1) delays the increase in Cdk1 activity, leading to germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD). More surprisingly, by moderating the rate at which Cdk1 is activated following GVBD, APC/CCdh1 creates conditions necessary for the removal of shugoshin-2 from chromosome arms by the Aurora B/C kinase, an event crucial for the efficient resolution of chiasmata.

Resumen: El teletrabajo puede ser considerado una innovación organizacional, que en la actualidad ha adquirido una gran notoriedad debido al crecimiento exponencial en su ritmo de implementación. Aunque estudios previos se han centrado en diferentes resultados del teletrabajo, su impacto sobre el comportamiento innovador es un tópico de reciente investigación. En este sentido, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar una revisión de literatura sobre el tópico del comportamiento innovador y el entorno del teletrabajo. Asimismo, se plantea la exploración y clasificación de los antecedentes del comportamiento innovador. Sus resultados dan cuenta de la pertinencia del tópico en mención, así como de las claras oportunidades que futuras investigaciones podrían aprovechar para ampliar el conocimiento existente. Abstract: Teleworking can be considered an organizational innovation, which has currently acquired great notoriety due to the exponential growth in its rate of implementation. Although previous studies have focused on different outcomes of telework, its impact on innovative behavior is a topic of recent research. In this sense, this paper aims to present a literature review on the topic of innovative behavior and the teleworking environment. Likewise, the exploration and classification of the antecedents of innovative behavior is proposed. Their results show the relevance of the topic in question, as well as the clear opportunities that future research could take advantage of to expand existing knowledge.

Resumen: La imagen de una institución de educación superior (IES) es considerada como un elemento estratégico para proyectar y dar a conocer los valores, las acciones, y en últimas, la razón de ser de la entidad respectiva. Por ello, algunas instituciones educativas se han inclinado por adentrase en un proceso de transformación de imagen en aras de posicionarse de mejor manera y lograr proyectar a sus stakeholders lo que realmente se desea. El presente trabajo tiene como propósito desarrollar, de manera preliminar, una revision sistemática de literatura sobre el tema de imagen y transformación de imagen institucional, haciendo especial énfasis en IES. Igualmente, se incluyen algunos conceptos relevantes relacionados con el tópico estudiado, así como los puntos de vista de algunos autores especializados en el área de estudio. En ese orden de ideas, el trabajo pretende ser un referente teórico inicial para eventuales evaluaciones de cambio o fortalecimiento de imagen de IES o sus unidades institucionales. Adicionalmente, permite soportar otros mecanismos de valoración para posibilitar la toma de decisiones relacionadas con la medición y el cuidado de la imagen institucional. Abstract: The image of a higher education institution (HEI) is considered as a strategic element to project and publicize the values, actions, and ultimately, the reason for being of the respective entity. For this reason, some educational institutions have been inclined to enter into a process of image transformation in order to position themselves in a better way and manage to project what is really desired to their stakeholders. The purpose of this paper is to develop, in a preliminary way, a systematic review of the literature on the subject of image and transformation of institutional image, with special emphasis on HEIs. Likewise, some relevant concepts related to the topic studied are included, as well as the points of view of some authors specialized in the area of study. In that order of ideas, the work intends to be an initial theoretical reference for eventual evaluations of change or strengthening of the image of HEIs or their institutional units. Additionally, it supports other assessment mechanisms to enable decision-making related to the measurement and care of the institutional image.

Resumen: Las iniciativas socialmente responsables son generadoras indiscutibles de un mayor nivel de sentido de pertenencia de los empleados como miembros de una organización. Este fenómeno, a su vez impulsa resultados favorables en los niveles individual, grupal, organizacional e incluso institucional. El presente estudio analiza la asociación existente entre responsabilidad social empresarial e identificación organizacional de los empleados, con el objetivo de ilustrar el sentidopráctico de dicho vínculo causal. Para ello, se parte de un proceso preliminar de análisis bibliométrico y tamizaje cualitativo, que selecciona las conclusiones de trabajos empíricos influyentes en la literatura relevante con respecto al tópico en cuestión. Como consecuencia, el estudio converge en un decálogo de implicaciones útiles para gerentes y profesionales de recursos humanos que, en el terreno, determina los alcances de dicha relación en el ambiente organizacional real. De esta manera, se permite el aprovechamiento de las contribuciones teóricas relevantes en el área de estudio particular, y lo pone a disposición de la práctica gerencial. Abstract: Socially responsible initiatives are undisputed generators of a higher level of sense of belonging of employees as members of an organization. This phenomenon, in turn, promotes favorable results at the individual, group, organizational and even institutional level. The present work analyzes the association between corporate social responsibility and organizational identification of employees. It also illustrates the practical sense of such causal association. To achieve this, the work starts from a preliminary process of bibliometric analysis and screening, which selects the conclusions of influential empirical works in the relevant literature regarding the topic at issue. As a consecuence, the work converge in a decalogue of valuable implications for managers and human resources professionals, wichf in the field determines the scope of the abovementioned phenomenon in a regular organizational environment. In this way, the work allows the use of relevant theoretical contributions in the particular area of study and puts it a disposal of the managerial practice.

Abstract: The cell envelope is essential for the survival and adaptation of bacteria. Bacterial membrane proteins include the major porins that mediate the influx of nutrients and several classes of antimicrobial drugs. Consequently, membrane remodelling is closely linked to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Knowledge of bacterial membrane protein biogenesis and turnover underpins our understanding of bacterial membrane remodelling and the consequences that this process has in the evolution of AMR phenotypes. At the population level, the evolution of phenotypes is a reversible process, and we can use these insights to deploy evolutionary principles to resensitize bacteria to existing antimicrobial drugs. In our opinion, fundamental knowledge is opening a new way of thinking towards sustainable solutions to the mounting crisis in AMR. Here we discuss what is known about outer-membrane remodelling in bacteria and how the process could be targeted as a means to restore sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs. Bacteriophages are highlighted as a powerful means to exert this control over membrane remodelling but they require careful selection so as to reverse, and not exacerbate AMR phenotypes.

Abstract: Antibiotic resistance is driven by selection, but how a bacterial strain’s evolutionary history shapes drug-resistance remains an open question. Here we reconstruct the genetic and evolutionary mechanisms of carbapenem resistance in a clinical isolate of Klebsiella. A combination of short and long read sequencing, machine learning, genetic and enzymatic analyses established that this carbapenem-resistant strain carries no carbapenemase-encoding genes. Genetic reconstruction of the resistance phenotype confirmed that two distinct genetic loci are necessary for the strain to acquire carbapenem resistance. Experimental evolution of the carbapenem-resistant strains in growth conditions without the antibiotic revealed that both loci confer a significant cost, and are readily lost by de novo mutation resulting in the rapid evolution of a carbapenem-sensitive phenotype. Thus, historical contingency - a patient’s treatment history - can shape the evolution of antibiotic resistance and suggests that the strategic combinations of antibiotics could direct the evolution of low-fitness, drug-resistant genotypes.

Abstract: Aim: To evaluate the reliability of the ExSel® self-questionnaire to detect an excess salt intake (≥12 g/24h) in patients consulting for hypertension and/or renal failure. Methods: Results of the ExSel® self-questionnaire were compared to 24 h sodium excretion using the Cohen’s kappa test and a Chi² test. Sensitivity, specificity, VPP and VPN were calculated. A ROC curve was realized to find an accurate cut-off.Results: Mean characteristics of the 101 patients with reliable results were: age of 67+12 years, Body Mass Index 28.4+5.6 kg/m², SBP/DBP 139+23/74+13 mmHg (98% were hypertensives. Mean salt intake was 7.5+3.1 g/24h and mean creatininuria was 13.9+20.1 mmol/24 h. An excess salt intake (≥12 g/24h) was observed in 8% of the patients. The Kappa test at 0.17 and the Chi² at 0.66 signify that the agreement was very low. Sensitivity was 37%, specificity 90%, PPV 20% and NPV 94%. The AUC under the ROC curve was too low (0.665) to determine a threshold adapted to the renal patients. Conclusions: The ExSel® auto-questionnaire is not adapted to outpatients, mainly hypertensives (98%) followed in a nephrology consultation to detect an excess salt consumption.

Abstract: The Colombian film industry is growing and gaining relevance in the interna-tional market, which demands products that comply with the highest quality standards. Consequently, a study was designed to analyze the current English sub-title quality of five Colombian films that participated in different international film festivals from 2012 to 2018 and won at least one award: La sirga by William Vega (2012), La playa D.C. by Juan Andrés Arango (2013), Tierra en la lengua by Rubén Mendoza (2014), La tierra y la sombra by César Augusto Acevedo (2015), and Niña errante by Rubén Mendoza (2018). The subtitles were examined us-ing Pedersen’s (2017) far model to have a general overview of their quality. The results evidenced a weakness in the functional equivalence category by presenting mistranslations in many of the cultural references and idiomatic expressions, potentially affecting the audience’s reception and, therefore, jeopardizing the international success of the films. Additionally, the readability category included many segmentation and spotting errors. In general, the subtitles comply with the subtitling guidelines regarding reading speed and line length but need to improve the transmission of idiomatic expressions and the segmentation of the subtitles. Resumen: La industria cinematográfica colombiana está creciendo y ganando relevancia en el mercado internacional, pero esto exige productos que cumplan con los más altos estándares de calidad. En consecuencia, se diseñó un estudio para analizar la calidad actual de los subtítulos en inglés de cinco películas colombianas que participaron en diferentes festivales internacionales de cine entre 2012 y 2018 y obtuvieron al menos un premio: La sirga, de William Vega (2012); La playa D.C., de Juan Andrés Arango (2013); Tierra en la lengua, de Rubén Mendoza (2014); La tierra y la sombra, de César Augusto Acevedo (2015), y Niña errante, de Rubén Mendoza (2018). Los subtítulos fueron examinados mediante el modelo far de Pedersen (2017) para tener una visión general de su calidad. Los resultados evidenciaron una debilidad en la categoría de equivalencia funcional al presentar errores de traducción en muchas de las referencias culturales y expresiones idiomáticas, afectando potencialmente a la recepción del público y, por tanto, poniendo en peligro el éxito internacional de las películas. Además, la categoría de legibilidad incluyó muchos errores de segmentación y localización. En general, los subtítulos cumplen las directrices de subtitulación en cuanto a velocidad de lectura y longitud de línea, pero necesitan mejorar la transmisión de expresiones idiomáticas y la segmentación de los subtítulos.

Abstract: Essential Tremor (ET) is the most frequent movement disorder in adults. Upper-limb exoskeletons are a promising solution to alleviate ET symptoms. We propose a novel wrist exoskeleton for tremor damping. The TuMove exoskeleton is light-weight, portable, easy to use, and designed for ADLs and activities requiring hand dexterity. We validated the effectiveness of our exoskeleton by inducing forearm tremors using TENS on 5 healthy subjects. Our results show that wrist ranges are generally kept in most of the ROM needed in ADLs. The damping system reduced more than 30% of the tremor's angular velocity during drinking and pouring tasks. Furthermore, the completion time of the Archimedes spiral was decreased by 2.76 seconds (13.0%) and for the 9-Hole-Peg-Test by 2.77 seconds (11.8 %), indicating a performance improvement in dexterity tasks.